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Prolog is a logic programming language that has its origins in artificial intelligence, automated theorem proving and computational linguistics. [1] [2] [3]Prolog has its roots in first-order logic, a formal logic, and unlike many other programming languages, Prolog is intended primarily as a declarative programming language: the program is a set of facts and rules, which define relations.
Prolog, designed in 1972 by Alain Colmerauer, Phillipe Roussel, and Robert Kowalski, was the first logic programming language. ML built a polymorphic type system (invented by Robin Milner in 1973) on Lisp, [17] pioneering statically typed functional programming languages. Each of these languages spawned an entire family of descendants, and most ...
The first program written in the language was a large natural-language processing system. Fernando Pereira and David Warren at the University of Edinburgh were also involved in the early development of Prolog. Colmerauer had previously worked on a language processing system called Q-systems that was used to translate between English and French. [3]
It anticipated a number of features of Prolog such as negation as failure, aggregation operators, the central role of backtracking [2] and constraint solving. [1] Absys was the first implementation of a logic programming language. [1] The name Absys was chosen as an abbreviation for Aberdeen System. [1]
The first Prolog program, also written in 1972 and implemented in Marseille, was a French question-answering system. The use of Prolog as a practical programming language was given great momentum by the development of a compiler by David H. D. Warren in Edinburgh in 1977.
Logically, the Prolog engine tries to find a resolution refutation of the negated query. The resolution method used by Prolog is called SLD resolution. If the negated query can be refuted, it follows that the query, with the appropriate variable bindings in place, is a logical consequence of the program. In that case, all generated variable ...
Logic Programming Associates (LPA) is a company specializing in logic programming and artificial intelligence software. LPA was founded in 1980 [1] and is widely known for its range of Prolog compilers, the Flex expert system toolkit and most recently, VisiRule.
λProlog, also written lambda Prolog, is a logic programming language featuring polymorphic typing, modular programming, and higher-order programming.These extensions to Prolog are derived from the higher-order hereditary Harrop formulas used to justify the foundations of λProlog.
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