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Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... Kautilya's Arthashastra ... In the Arthashastra, Books 7, 11 and 12 have given a comprehensive analysis on ...
The ancient Indian philosopher Chanakya (Kautilya), who was also the chief advisor of the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta Maurya, used this theory in his treatise Arthashastra to describe why a state should enhance its size and security. According to Chanakya, in absence of government or rule of law, the human society will degenerate into a state ...
During 313 BC, in the Mauryan period Kautilya created the treatise called Kautilya Arthashastra.He laid down the qualifications for appointments of civil servants. During 1000–1600 AD, in the medieval period, Akbar the Great nurtured the civil service.
In 1905, Shamasastry discovered the Arthashastra among a heap of manuscripts. He transcribed, edited and published the Sanskrit edition in 1909. He proceeded to translate it into English, publishing it in 1915. [3] The manuscript was in the Early Grantha script. Other copies of the Arthashastra were discovered later in other parts of India.
Kautilya mentioned four Upayas - Sama, Dana or Dama, Danda and Bheda as ways to solve state politics to avoid conflicts and war situations (Arthashastra 2.10.47). [5] This phrase is also commonly used when you need to find a solution to a problem anyhow. Sāma, the first step, means conciliation or alliances.
The Arthashastra (1.7.6) emphasizes Artha's importance, with Kautilya stating that material gain is the most crucial of the three ends of life, as it supports the realization of dharma and kama. [10] James Lochtefeld describes [1] artha as the means of life, and includes material prosperity.
This palm leaf manuscript is preserved in the library, now named Oriental Research Institute. The pages of the book are filled with 1500-year-old Grantha script. It looks like as if they have been printed but the words have been inscribed by hand. Other copies of Arthashastra were later discovered later in other parts of India. [1]
The ancient Indian treatise Arthashastra (3rd century BCE), credited to Kautilya, gives a substantial amount of space to the methods of kutayuddha such as deception. [5] In Hindu philosophy dharma-yuddha reigns and is the ultimate winner; however in practice kutayuddha is the necessary standard or way of life and war. [5]