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Anti-predator adaptations are mechanisms developed through evolution that assist prey organisms in their constant struggle against predators. Throughout the animal kingdom, adaptations have evolved for every stage of this struggle, namely by avoiding detection, warding off attack, fighting back, or escaping when caught.
Since specialization is caused by predator-prey coevolution, the rarity of specialists may imply that predator-prey arms races are rare. [122] It is difficult to determine whether given adaptations are truly the result of coevolution, where a prey adaptation gives rise to a predator adaptation that is countered by further adaptation in the prey.
This led to the fitness of larger-shelled prey to be higher and then more selected for through generations, however, the predator's population selected for those who were more efficient at opening the larger-shelled prey. [21] This example is an excellent example of asymmetrical arms race because while the prey is evolving a physical trait, the ...
Mobbing in animals is an anti-predator adaptation in which individuals of prey species cooperatively attack or harass a predator, usually to protect their offspring. A simple definition of mobbing is an assemblage of individuals around a potentially dangerous predator. [1]
For example, the hemipteran Arachnocoris berytoides resembles Faiditus caudatus, a spider commensal of ants. [34] In cryptic aggressive mimicry, the predator mimics an organism that its prey is indifferent to. This allows the predator to avoid detection until the prey are close enough for the predator to strike, effectively a form of camouflage.
This naiveté towards non-native predators is likely influenced by eco-evolutionary factors such as biogeographic isolation and prey adaptation. [2] A prey species' ability to detect and evade predators can be shaped by the life history, ecology, and evolutionary context of both predator and prey. While some predator-prey systems display ...
Note: Some topics in this category are adaptations of both predators and prey (e.g. crypsis), so also appear in the parent category predation Subcategories This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total.
Predator satiation has evolved as a reproductive pattern in periodical cicadas of the genus Magicicada. [1]Predator satiation (less commonly called predator saturation) is an anti-predator adaptation in which prey briefly occur at high population densities, reducing the probability of an individual organism being eaten. [2]