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A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá) ' seed ' and ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) ' vessel '; pl.: sporangia) [1] is an enclosure in which spores are formed. [2] It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular .
A strobilus (pl.: strobili) is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia-bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem.Strobili are often called cones, but some botanists restrict the use of the term cone to the woody seed strobili of conifers.
In botany, a sporophyll is a leaf that bears sporangia. Both microphylls and megaphylls can be sporophylls. In heterosporous plants, sporophylls (whether they are microphylls or megaphylls) bear either megasporangia and thus are called megasporophylls, or microsporangia and are called microsporophylls. The overlap of the prefixes and roots ...
The kidney-shaped (reniform) spore-cases contain spores of one kind only, (isosporous, homosporous), and are borne on the upper surface of the leaf blade of specialized leaves (sporophylls) arranged in a cone-like strobilus at the end of upright stems. [6] Each sporangium contains numerous small spores. [7]
A sorus (pl.: sori) is a cluster of sporangia (structures producing and containing spores) in ferns and fungi. A coenosorus ( pl. : coenosori ) is a compound sorus composed of multiple, fused sori. Etymology
The fertile shoots bear stout, yellowish cones which are only slightly differentiated from the branch. The cones usually bear two kinds of sporangia: lobed megasporangia in the lower part of the cone which produce megaspores and simple microsporangia in the upper part which produce many tiny microspores.
Horsetails bear cones (technically strobili, sing. strobilus ) at the tips of some stems. These cones comprise spirally arranged sporangiophores , which bear sporangia at their edges, and in extant horsetails cover the spores externally - like sacs hanging from an umbrella, with its handle embedded in the axis of the cone.
Stoma – the "mouth" of the sporangia, from which spores are dispersed when the sporangia is mature. Tapetum – tissue which nourishes spores. Trabecula – a length of sterile tissue which divides the capsule. Urn - synonymous with the "capsule." Valve – each half of a sporangium which is divided.