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Pharos was a small island located on the western edge of the Nile Delta.In 332 BC, Alexander the Great founded the city of Alexandria on an isthmus opposite Pharos. . Alexandria and Pharos were later connected by a mole [6] spanning more than 1,200 metres (0.75 miles), which was called the Heptastadion ("seven stadia"—a stadion was a Greek unit of length measuring approximate
In 882 AH (1477 AD) the Sultan Qaitbay visited the site of the old lighthouse in Alexandria and ordered a fortress to be built on its foundations. The construction lasted about 2 years, and it is said that Qaitbay spent more than a hundred thousand gold dinars for the work on the Citadel.
The Great Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt, was one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world. The library was part of a larger research institution called the Mouseion , which was dedicated to the Muses , the nine goddesses of the arts. [ 10 ]
The Tower of Hercules, a lighthouse of Roman origin at A Coruña in northwest Spain, modelled on the Pharos of Alexandria The History of Lighthouses refers to the development of the use of towers, buildings, or other types of structures as an aid to navigation for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways.
The Heptastadion connected Pharos with the city and the Lighthouse of Alexandria followed soon after, as did the Serapeum, all under Ptolemy I. The Museion was built under Ptolemy II ; the Serapeum expanded by Ptolemy III Euergetes ; and mausolea for Alexander and the Ptolemies built under Ptolemy IV .
The Lighthouse of Alexandria on coins minted in Alexandria in the second century (1: reverse of a coin of Antoninus Pius, and 2: reverse of a coin of Commodus) In 115 AD, large parts of Alexandria were destroyed during the Diaspora revolt , which gave Hadrian and his architect, Decriannus , an opportunity to rebuild it.
Sostratus of Cnidus (/ ˈ s ɒ s t r ə t ə s /; Ancient Greek: Σώστρατος ὁ Κνίδος; born 3rd century BC) was a Greek architect and engineer.He is said to have designed the lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World (c. 280 BC), on the island of Pharos off Alexandria, Egypt.
A well-preserved ancient tomb is thought to be a scaled-down model of the Alexandria Pharos. Known colloquially under various names — the Pharos of Abusir, the Abusir funerary monument and Burg al-Arab (Arab's Tower) — it consists of a 3-storey tower, approximately 20 metres (66 ft) in height, with a square base, a hexagonal midsection and cylindrical upper section, like the building upon ...