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Several Native American tribes hold or have held territory within the lands that are now the state of Iowa. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Iowa, defined by the Missouri River and Big Sioux River on the west and Mississippi River on the east, marks a shift from the Central Plains and the Eastern Woodlands .
The Iowa (or Ioway or Báxoje, their endonym) Tribe [4] originated in the Great Lakes region. [5] They migrated south and west into Missouri, but were relocated to Kansas under the provisions of the Platte Purchase of 1836. Subsequent treaties in 1854 and 1861 further reduced the Iowa land holdings to the "Diminished Reserve."
The Iowa, also known as Ioway, and the Bah-Kho-Je or Báxoje (English: grey snow; Chiwere: Báxoje ich'é), [3] are a Native American Siouan people. Today, they are enrolled in either of two federally recognized tribes , the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma and the Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska .
Populations are the total census counts and include non-Native American people as well, sometimes making up a majority of the residents. The total population of all of them is 1,043,762. [citation needed] A Bureau of Indian Affairs map of Indian reservations belonging to federally recognized tribes in the continental United States
The seven sites on the Upper Iowa River are located in the same area that the early French explorers and fur traders found the Ioway Native American tribe. Archaeologists are in general agreement that the Orr Phase pottery represents the Prehistoric cultural remains of the Ioway tribe, as well as the closely related Otoe tribe. [1]
The Great Osage Trail, also known as the Osage Trace or the Kaw Trace, was one of the more well-known Native American trails through the countryside of the Midwest and Plains States of the U.S., pathways blazed by herds of buffalo or other migrating wildlife (Medicine Trails). Map of most of the Santa Fe Trail in 1845.
The area was part of Iowa people tribal territory through the 1820s. The Ioway chief Big Neck (aka Great Walker) [6] had his village on the Grand River before 1824 and into 1829. The Big Neck War: In July 1829, a large party of Iowa (or Ioway) Native Americans, led by Chief Big Neck, returned to their former hunting grounds in violation of ...
The Otoe language, Chiwere, is part of the Siouan family and closely related to that of the related Iowa, Missouria, and Ho-Chunk tribes. Historically, the Otoe tribe lived as a semi-nomadic people on the Central Plains along the bank of the Missouri River in Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri.