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Close-up view of Fraser fir foliage. Abies fraseri is a small evergreen coniferous tree typically growing between 30 and 50 ft (10 and 20 m) tall and rarely to 80 ft (20 m), with a trunk diameter of 16–20 in (41–51 cm), rarely 30 in (80 cm).
While red spruce is common throughout North America, the Fraser fir—a relative of the balsam fir—is found only in the spruce–fir stands of southern Appalachia. [5] In the second half of the 20th century, nearly all of the mature Fraser firs were killed off by the balsam woolly adelgid —a parasite introduced from Europe around 1900.
Fraser fir is a beloved type of Christmas tree that also offers privacy, beauty, and wildlife value to gardens.
Many are also decorative garden trees, notably Korean fir and Fraser's fir, which produce brightly coloured cones even when very young, still only 1–2 m (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in) tall. Many fir species are grown in botanic gardens and other specialist tree collections in Europe and North America.
The balsam woolly adelgid (Adelges piceae) is small wingless insect that infests and kills firs.In their native Europe they are a minor parasite on silver fir and Sicilian fir, but they have become a threat especially to balsam fir and Fraser fir after they were introduced to the United States around the beginning of the 20th century.
The bark on young trees is smooth, grey, and with resin blisters (which tend to spray when ruptured), becoming rough and fissured or scaly on old trees. The leaves are flat and needle-like, 15 to 30 mm ( 5 ⁄ 8 to 1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in) long, dark green above often with a small patch of stomata near the tip, and two white stomatal bands below, and a ...
Similarly, the balsam woolly adelgid was introduced from Europe in the 20th century and devastated fraser fir stands on the rainforest's mountaintops. First discovered on Mount Mitchell in 1957, it quickly spread to all fir populations. [17] Fir mortality in Appalachia rose one-hundred-sixtyfold by 1970, eventually killing two-thirds of adult ...
Tolkien and CS Lewis hated Disney, with Tolkien branding Walt's movies as “disgusting” and “hopelessly corrupted” and calling him a "cheat" Image credits: TechnicalBean #18