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"The Nuremberg Code" (1947). In: Mitscherlich A, Mielke F. Doctors of Infamy: The Story of the Nazi Medical Crimes. New York: Schuman, 1949: xxiii–xxv. Carl Elliot's article "Making a Killing" in Mother Jones magazine (September 2010) asks if the Nuremberg Code is a valid legal precedent in Minnesota
In 1947, German physicians who conducted deadly or debilitating experiments on concentration camp prisoners were prosecuted as war criminals in the Nuremberg Trials. A portion of the verdict handed down in the doctors' trial became commonly known as the Nuremberg Code, the first international document to clearly articulate the concept that "the ...
Doctors of Infamy: The Story of the Nazi Medical Crimes (1947), published in the U.K. as The Death Doctors, is a book by Alexander Mitscherlich and Fred Mielke which begins with a statement on the intention of its publication and includes a documentation of the Doctors' Trial in Nuremberg that was held from 9 December 1946 until 20 August 1947.
May 28, 1947: T4-Gassing doctor Ernst Wentzler September 3, 1891: August 9, 1973: T4-Gutachter (Children) Albert Widmann: June 8, 1912: December 24, 1986: T4-personnel Gerhard Wischer February 1, 1903: November 4, 1950: T4-Gutachter Waldemar Wolter May 19, 1908: May 28, 1947: Euthanasia Ewald Wortmann April 17, 1911: September 15, 1985
After the war, these crimes were tried at what became known as the Doctors' Trial, and the abuses perpetrated led to the development of the Nuremberg Code of medical ethics. [6] During the Nuremberg Trials, 23 Nazi doctors and scientists were tried for the unethical treatment of concentration camp inmates, who were often used as research ...
The details of the Nazi Doctors' Trial at Nuremberg which ended August 1947 and the revelations about what the Imperial Japanese Army had done at Unit 731 in China during the war clearly demonstrated the need for reform, and for a re-affirmed set of guidelines regarding both human rights and the rights of patients. [citation needed]
The Declaration developed the ten principles first stated in the Nuremberg Code, and tied them to the Declaration of Geneva (1948), a statement of physicians' ethical duties. The Declaration more specifically addressed clinical research, reflecting changes in medical practice from the term ' Human Experimentation ' used in the Nuremberg Code.
The Code of Ethics was then adapted in 1847, relying heavily on Percival's words. [18] Over the years in 1903, 1912, and 1947, revisions have been made to the original document. [18] The practice of medical ethics is widely accepted and practiced throughout the world. [4]