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With an increase in the waist to hip ratio and overall waist circumference the risk of death increases as well. [7] Metabolic syndrome is associated with abdominal obesity, blood lipid disorders, inflammation, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
In epidemiology, a risk factor or determinant is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection. [ 1 ] : 38 Due to a lack of harmonization across disciplines, determinant , in its more widely accepted scientific meaning , is often used as a synonym.
Hyperplasia of the breast – "Hyperplastic" lesions of the breast include usual ductal hyperplasia, a focal expansion of the number of cells in a terminal breast duct, and atypical ductal hyperplasia, in which a more abnormal pattern of growth is seen, and which is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer.
The increased risk is believed to be due to the random chance of developing any cancer, the likelihood of surviving the first cancer, the same risk factors that produced the first cancer, unwanted side effects of treating the first cancer (particularly radiation therapy), and better compliance with screening.
Epidemiology has its limits at the point where an inference is made that the relationship between an agent and a disease is causal (general causation) and where the magnitude of excess risk attributed to the agent has been determined; that is, epidemiology addresses whether an agent can cause disease, not whether an agent did cause a specific ...
Increased risk of a broken bone [3] Complications: Chronic pain [3] Usual onset: Older age [3] Risk factors: Alcoholism, anorexia, European or Asian ethnicity, hyperthyroidism, gastrointestinal diseases, surgical removal of the ovaries, kidney disease, smoking, certain medications [3] Diagnostic method: Dexa Scan (Bone density scan) [4] Treatment
[1] [5] Other factors believed to increase risk include obesity, prolonged sitting, [8] [dubious – discuss] a chronic cough, and pelvic floor dysfunction. [2] Squatting while defecating may also increase the risk of severe hemorrhoids. [19] Evidence for these associations, however, is poor. [2]
Elisabeth Steubesand, 105 years old, the oldest citizen of Cologne and a high-risk individual. A high-risk individual, high-risk person, or high-risk population is a human being or beings living with an increased risk for severe illness due to age, medical condition, pregnancy/post-pregnant conditions, geographical location, or a combination of these risk factors.