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The Family Stress Model (FSM) posits that economic disadvantage creates economic pressure for caregivers, which has a detrimental effect on their personal mental health, then parenting practices, and hence the well-being of children and adolescents. It grew out of research efforts to understand how economic disadvantage impacts family processes.
[2] [6] Family resilience emerged as scholars incorporated together ideas from general systems theory perspectives on families, family stress theory, and psychological resilience perspectives. [7] Two prominent approaches to family resilience are to view families as contexts of individual resilience and families as systems. [8]
Three Principles Psychology (TPP), previously known as Health Realization (HR), is a resiliency approach to personal and community psychology [1] first developed in the 1980s by Roger C. Mills and George Pransky, who were influenced by the teachings of philosopher and author Sydney Banks. [2]
After defining the field of family therapy he started integrating new concepts with the theory, noting that none of this had previously been addressed in the psychological literature. The theory he developed is Bowen Family Systems Theory. His approach gained national attention within two years of its introduction. [6]
Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), previously called rational therapy and rational emotive therapy, is an active-directive, philosophically and empirically based psychotherapy, the aim of which is to resolve emotional and behavioral problems and disturbances and to help people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.
The Internal Family Systems Model (IFS) is an integrative approach to individual psychotherapy developed by Richard C. Schwartz in the 1980s. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It combines systems thinking with the view that the mind is made up of relatively discrete subpersonalities , each with its own unique viewpoint and qualities.
Since theory leads scientific inquiry, and scientific findings add to theory, DMM assessments contributed to more detailed theory. Maturational and changeable : DMM-attachment recognizes that humans are able to utilize more and more sophisticated self-protective attachment strategies as they age.
Although the term "attachment parenting" was first used only in the late 1990s, [5] the concept is much older. In the United States, it became popular in the mid-1900s, when several responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies entered the pedagogical mainstream, as a contrast to the more disciplinarian philosophies prevalent at the time.