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Dig was founded in 1999 by the Archaeological Institute of America with offices in New York's financial district. [4] The AIA had commissioned magazine editor and writer Stephen Hanks, who at the time was working for Scholastic News, to create a prototype for a children's archaeology magazine.
The process of archaeology is essentially destructive, as excavation permanently changes the nature and context of the site and the associated information. Therefore, archaeologists and conservators have an ethical responsibility to care for and conserve the sites they put at risk. [2]
The concept of an archaeological culture was crucial to linking the typological analysis of archaeological evidence to mechanisms that attempted to explain why they change through time. The key explanations favoured by culture-historians were the diffusion of forms from one group to another or the migration of the peoples themselves.
A geoarchaeologist analyzes a stratigraphy on the route of the LGV Est high-speed railway line. geoarchaeologist at work on column sample Geoarchaeology is a multi-disciplinary approach which uses the techniques and subject matter of geography, geology, geophysics and other Earth sciences to examine topics which inform archaeological and chronological knowledge and thought.
Prehistoric archaeology is a subfield of archaeology, [1] which deals specifically with artefacts, civilisations and other materials from societies that existed before any form of writing system or historical record.
In archaeology, excavation is the exposure, processing and recording of archaeological remains. [1] An excavation site or "dig" is the area being studied. These locations range from one to several areas at a time during a project and can be conducted over a few weeks to several years.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to archaeology: Archaeology – study of cultures through the recovery, documentation, and analysis of material remains and environmental data, including architecture, artifacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes.
Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies around the world. [1]