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The default implementation is then declared as weak, and, on certain targets, object files with strongly declared symbols are added to the linker command line. If a library defines a symbol as weak, a program that links that library is free to provide a strong one for, say, customization purposes.
Several compilers support variable-argument macros when compiling C and C++ code: the GNU Compiler Collection 3.0, [4] Clang (all versions), [8] Visual Studio 2005, [6] C++Builder 2006, and Oracle Solaris Studio (formerly Sun Studio) Forte Developer 6 update 2 (C++ version 5.3). [9] GCC also supports such macros when compiling Objective-C.
Clang becomes default compiler in OpenBSD 6.6 on mips64. [58] 19 September 2019 Clang 9.0.0 released with official RISC-V target support. [59] 29 February 2020 Clang becomes the only C compiler in the FreeBSD base system, with the removal of GCC. [60] 24 March 2020 Clang 10.0.0 released: 2 April 2020: Clang becomes default compiler in OpenBSD 6 ...
The preprocessor provides some macro definitions automatically. The C standard specifies that __FILE__ expands to the name of the file being processed and __LINE__ expands to the number of the line that contains the directive. The following macro, DEBUGPRINT, formats and prints a message with the file name and line number.
GCC and Clang are two major C compilers popular today, both based on the C11 with updates including changes from later specifications such as C17. [ 29 ] [ 30 ] Any source code written only in standard C and without any hardware dependent assumptions is virtually guaranteed to compile correctly on any platform with a conforming C implementation.
Canaries or canary words or stack cookies are known values that are placed between a buffer and control data on the stack to monitor buffer overflows. When the buffer overflows, the first data to be corrupted will usually be the canary, and a failed verification of the canary data will therefore alert of an overflow, which can then be handled, for example, by invalidating the corrupted data.
The register calling convention may be selected by command line switch. Up to 4 registers are assigned to arguments in the order EAX, EDX, EBX, ECX. Arguments are assigned to registers from left to right. If any argument cannot be assigned to a register (say it is too large) it, and all subsequent arguments, are assigned to the stack.
CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS are either the name of environment variables or of Makefile variables that can be set to specify additional switches to be passed to a compiler in the process of building computer software.