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The common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas), also known as the yellow bandit [2] or Maryland yellow-throat, [3] is a New World warbler. It is an abundant breeder in North America , ranging from southern Canada to central Mexico .
Yellow-throated warblers will occasionally hybridize with northern parulas (Setophaga americana), resulting in a hybrid species known as Sutton's warblers. [5] Sutton's warblers lack the black streaks bordering the breast indicative of yellow-throated warblers, and have a suffused greenish-yellow wash on their back, which is also not indicative of yellow-throated warblers. [6]
Conversely masked yellowthroat can be split to three or even four species. The name 'yellowthroat' is sometimes used as an alternate name for the yellow-throated leaflove. [2] The geographical isolation of the various populations of this mainly sedentary group has led to its genetic divergence and speciation.
The northern parula is one of the smaller North American migratory warblers, often being one of the smallest birds in a mixed feeding flock besides kinglets or gnatcatchers. Length is 10.8 to 12.4 cm (4.3 to 4.9 in), wingspan is 16 to 18 cm (6.3 to 7.1 in) and body mass is 5 to 11 g (0.18 to 0.39 oz). [ 3 ]
The mangrove warbler (erithachorides group; 12 subspecies [4]) tends to be larger than other yellow warbler subspecies groups, averaging 12.5 cm (4.9 in) in length and 11 g (0.39 oz) in weight. It is resident in the mangrove swamps of coastal Middle America and northern South America; S. p. aureola is found on the oceanic Galápagos Islands . [ 4 ]
The palm warbler is a member of genus Setophaga. Setophaga is a genus of birds of the New World warbler family Parulidae. It contains at least 34 species.The Setophaga warblers are an example of adaptive radiation with the various species using different feeding techniques and often feeding in different parts of the same tree.
The coastal black-throated green warbler is also known as the Wayne’s warbler, a nod to the person who first described it in 1909. It is a subpecies of the much more common black-throated green ...
They are typically dull-plumaged and greenish in color, the smaller species resembling wood warblers apart from their heavier bills. They range in size from the Chocó vireo , dwarf vireo and lesser greenlet , all at around 10 cm and 8g, to the peppershrikes and shrike-vireos at up to 17 cm and 40g.