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  2. Data model (GIS) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_model_(GIS)

    Height fields (also known as "2 1/2 dimensional surfaces") model three-dimensional phenomena by a single functional surface, in which elevation is a function of two-dimensional location, allowing it to be represented using field techniques such as isolated points, contour lines, raster (the digital elevation model), and triangulated irregular ...

  3. Geography Markup Language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_Markup_Language

    A simplified feature model which can only be one level deep (in the general GML model, arbitrary nesting of features and feature properties is not permitted). All non-geometric properties must be XML Schema simple types – i.e. cannot contain nested elements. Remote property value references (xlink:href) just like in the main GML specification.

  4. ArcGIS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArcGIS

    ArcGIS Desktop Basic, formerly known as ArcView, [79] is the entry level of ArcGIS licensing. With ArcView, one is able to view and edit GIS data held in flat files, or view data stored in a relational database management system by accessing it through ArcSDE. One can also create layered maps and perform basic spatial analysis.

  5. Geographic information system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_Information_System

    Today, graphic display techniques such as shading based on altitude in a GIS can make relationships among map elements visible, heightening one's ability to extract and analyze information. For example, two types of data were combined in a GIS to produce a perspective view of a portion of San Mateo County , California .

  6. Shapefile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile

    The main file (.shp) contains the geometry data. Geometry of a given feature is stored as a set of vector coordinates. [1]: 5 The binary file consists of a single fixed-length header followed by one or more variable-length records. Each of the variable-length records includes a record-header component and a record-contents component.

  7. Esri - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esri

    ArcGIS includes Internet capabilities in all Esri software products. The services, provided through ArcGIS Online at www.arcgis.com, include web APIs, hosted map and geoprocessing services, and a user sharing program. A variety of basemaps is a signature feature of ArcGIS Online.

  8. Analytic element method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_element_method

    Elements can be implemented using far-field expansions such that models containing many thousands of elements can be solved efficiently to high precision. The analytic element method has been applied to problems of groundwater flow governed by a variety of linear partial differential equations including the Laplace , the Poisson equation , the ...

  9. Spatial analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_analysis

    This was one of the first uses of map-based spatial analysis. Spatial analysis is any of the formal techniques which studies entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties. Spatial analysis includes a variety of techniques using different analytic approaches, especially spatial statistics.