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  2. Pronunciation of English a - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciation_of_English...

    In the sociolinguistics of English, /æ/ raising is a process that occurs in many accents of American English, and to some degree in Canadian English, by which / æ / ⓘ, the "short a" vowel found in such words as ash, bath, man, lamp, pal, rag, sack, trap, etc., is tensed: pronounced as more raised, and lengthened and/or diphthongized in ...

  3. English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology

    For example, the English word through consists of three phonemes: the initial "th" sound, the "r" sound, and a vowel sound. The phonemes in that and many other English words do not always correspond directly to the letters used to spell them (English orthography is not as strongly phonemic as that of many other languages).

  4. International Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic...

    It does not normally use combinations of letters to represent single sounds, the way English does with sh , th and ng , nor single letters to represent multiple sounds, the way x represents /ks/ or /ɡz/ in English. There are no letters that have context-dependent sound values, the way c and g in several European languages have a "hard" or ...

  5. International Phonetic Alphabet chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic...

    The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.

  6. English orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_orthography

    However, there are only 26 letters in the modern English alphabet, so there is not a one-to-one correspondence between letters and sounds. Many sounds are spelled using different letters or multiple letters, and for those words whose pronunciation is predictable from the spelling, the sounds denoted by the letters depend on the surrounding letters.

  7. Phonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonics

    Reading by using phonics is often referred to as decoding words, sounding-out words or using print-to-sound relationships.Since phonics focuses on the sounds and letters within words (i.e. sublexical), [13] it is often contrasted with whole language (a word-level-up philosophy for teaching reading) and a compromise approach called balanced literacy (the attempt to combine whole language and ...

  8. IPA vowel chart with audio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_vowel_chart_with_audio

    Within the chart “close”, “open”, “mid”, “front”, “central”, and “back” refer to the placement of the sound within the mouth. [3] At points where two sounds share an intersection, the left is unrounded, and the right is rounded which refers to the shape of the lips while making the sound. [4]

  9. English alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_alphabet

    The consonant sounds represented by the letters W and Y in English (/w/ and /j/ as in went /wɛnt/ and yes /jɛs/) are referred to as semi-vowels (or glides) by linguists, however this is a description that applies to the sounds represented by the letters and not to the letters themselves.