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Even though the ENSO is trending towards El Niño conditions, the exact impacts remain to be seen. Strong El Niños have recently been observed from 1997 into 1998 and from 2015 into 2016.
El Niño occurs when trade winds — the permanent east-to-west winds that blow near the Equator — weaken, allowing the Pacific Ocean’s warmer waters to push back east toward the United States ...
The relationship between El Niño and California rainfall has been described as "fragile", as only the "persistent El Niño" leads to consistently higher rainfall in the state, while the other flavors of ENSO have mixed effects at best. [14] Historically, El Niño was not understood to affect U.S. weather patterns until Christensen et al. (1981 ...
El Niño is a natural climate event caused by the Southern Oscillation, popularly known as El Niño or also in meteorological circles as El Niño-Southern Oscillation or ENSO, [6] through which global warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean results in the development of unusually warm waters between the coast of South America and the ...
El Niño patterns generally affect winters more than summers in the U.S. According to NOAA, a typical El Niño winter would produce a warmer, dryer winter season for most states in the mid ...
Following the El Nino event in 1997 – 1998, the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory attributes the first large-scale coral bleaching event to the warming waters. [169] Most critically, global mass bleaching events were recorded in 1997-98 and 2015–16, when around 75-99% losses of live coral were registered across the world.
El Niño finally lost its grip on global weather in June, but La Niña’s arrival was delayed repeatedly, leaving an extended period of neutral conditions in place through the summer and fall.
While the U.S. is experiencing an El Niño weather pattern, Kansas could be transitioning to a neutral weather pattern, Darmofal said, which could mean a more active tornado season.