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Treatment of myoclonus focuses on medications that may help reduce symptoms. Drugs used include sodium valproate, clonazepam, the anticonvulsant levetiracetam, and piracetam. [8] Dosages of clonazepam usually are increased gradually until the patient improves or side effects become harmful. Drowsiness and loss of coordination are common side ...
Arimoclomol, sold under the brand name Miplyffa, is a medication for the treatment of Niemann–Pick disease type C. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth. [1] The most common side effects include upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, and decreased weight. [2] Arimoclomol was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2024.
It is a disease that presents Myoclonus as a sequela of hypoxic disorders in the brain due to asphyxiation and cardiopulmonary arrest. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is exacerbated by mental and physical anxiety such as intention, intentional movement, and tension.
Symptoms often include action or stimuli induced myoclonus, seizures, neuropathy, cognitive decline, and spike and wave or no cerebral discharges. [4] The prognosis of those diagnosed with PME is poor. The person often becomes reliant on a wheelchair, enters a vegetative state due to myoclonus, and has a shortened life expectancy. [4] [3]
Myoclonus is usually classified physiologically to optimize treatment. Myoclonus is a precursor effect to myoclonus dystonia and most commonly begins in childhood or adolescence. [4] [5] Myoclonus is classified as cortical, subcortical, peripheral or spinal. Cortical myoclonus is the most common of these four and affects the upper limbs and face.
Familial adult myoclonus Epilepsy (FAME) This is a condition characterized by the repetition of non-coding sequences and has been identified using various abbreviations. Initially, it was associated with four primary gene locations: FAME1 (8q23.3–q24.1), FAME2 (2p11.1–q12.1), FAME3 (5p15.31–p15.1), and FAME4 (3q26.32–3q28).
Palatal myoclonus is a rare condition in which there are rhythmic jerky movements or a rapid spasm of the palatal (roof of the mouth) muscles. Chronic clonus is often due to lesions of the central tegmental tract (which connects the red nucleus to the ipsilateral inferior olivary nucleus ).
Clomipramine, sold under the brand name Anafranil among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). [7] It is used in the treatment of various conditions, most notably obsessive–compulsive disorder but also many other disorders, including hyperacusis, panic disorder, major depressive disorder, trichotillomania, [8] body dysmorphic disorder [9] [10] [11] and chronic pain. [7]