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These include the State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS) and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Alternate forms of the STAI have been developed, including a short-form version (STAI-6) as well as a child form, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC). [citation needed] The STAI requires a sixth grade reading level.
The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) has been developed as a 44-item questionnaire to assess stable (trait) and current (state) intensity of the expression of anger. [17] Its current version is the STAXI-2 [ 18 ] which has also been adapted for the use with children and adolescents.
The ACS was initially used to analyze potentially hostile relationships, but it can now identify depression, anxiety, and other anger-related cognitive functions. [5] This scale has received generally positive reviews. Researchers have concluded that the ACS is a valid source to measure anger and anger-related expressions and cognitions.
Charles Donald Spielberger, Ph.D. (1927 – 11 June 2013) was a clinical community psychologist well-known for his development of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.. In 1972, as incoming president of the Southeastern Psychological Association he appointed the organization's Task Force on the Status of Women, chaired by Ellen Kimmel.
In psychology, negative affectivity (NA), or negative affect, is a personality variable that involves the experience of negative emotions and poor self-concept. [1] Negative affectivity subsumes a variety of negative emotions, including anger, contempt, disgust, guilt, fear, [2] and nervousness.
Most of those who complete this test are adults and it takes approximately 5–15 minutes. With an extensive number of questions, the data that is collected from the test can provide the participants with data that is reliable and consistent. One of the drawbacks of the POMS long form scale is including too many questions.
This version of mood-state inventory is a multidimensional instrument, and is used to look over and examine the frequency of multiple fundamental human emotions. [11] The 49 items of the DES-IV help measure 12 basic emotions (interest, joy, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, hostility, fear, shame, shyness and guilt). [ 12 ]
The scales and items of the Hostility inventory were developed following observations in clinical psychology situations, with limited statistical analysis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] As a result, when factor analysis was conducted to verify the seven scales conceptualized in the test, no research results supported such findings.