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The Joint European Torus (JET) was a magnetically confined plasma physics experiment, located at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, UK. Based on a tokamak design, the fusion research facility was a joint European project with the main purpose of opening the way to future nuclear fusion grid energy.
The Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) is the UK's national laboratory for fusion research.It is located at the Culham Science Centre, near Culham, Oxfordshire, and is the site of the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) and the now closed Joint European Torus (JET) and Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak (START).
JT-60 (short for Japan Torus-60) is a large research tokamak, the flagship of the Japanese National Institute for Quantum Science and Technology's fusion energy directorate. As of 2023 the device is known as JT-60SA and is the largest operational superconducting tokamak in the world, [ 1 ] built and operated jointly by the European Union and ...
The JT-60 tokamak in Japan produced a high performance reversed shear plasma with the equivalent fusion amplification factor of 1.25 - the current world record of Q, fusion energy gain factor. Results of European-based study of heavy ion driven fusion power system (HIDIF, GSI-98-06) incorporates telescoping beams of multiple isotopic species.
In 1997, JET set the record of 16 megawatts of transient fusion power with a gain factor of Q = 0.62 and 4 megawatts steady state fusion power with Q = 0.18 for 4 seconds. [3] In 2021, JET sustained Q = 0.33 for 5 seconds and produced 59 megajoules of energy, beating the record 21.7 megajoules released in 1997 over around 4 seconds.
The current record for highest Q in a tokamak (as recorded during actual D-T fusion) was set by JET at Q = 0.67 in 1997. The record for Q ext (the theoretical Q value of D-T fusion as extrapolated from D-D results) in a tokamak is held by JT-60 , with Q ext = 1.25, slightly besting JET's earlier Q ext = 1.14.
Tokamak Energy Ltd: Spherical tokamak capable of 15min-pulsed operation [56] [57] ST-E1: Planned: 2030s? Culham: Tokamak Energy Ltd: Spherical tokamak with 200 MW planned net electric output [58] STEP (Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production) Planned: 2032-2040: 2040 D-D Mid 2040s DT Campaign: West Burton, Nottinghamshire: United Kingdom Atomic ...
The design was based on Tokamak Physics Experiment, which was based on Compact Ignition Tokamak design – See Robert J. Goldston. 1995 – Started Project KSTAR; 1997 – JET of EU emits 17 MW energy from itself. 1998 – JT-60U went beyond energy junction successfully and acknowledged the possibility of commercialization of nuclear fusion.