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  2. Retinal nerve fiber layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_nerve_fiber_layer

    Some processes can excite RNFL apoptosis. Harmful situations which can damage RNFL include high intraocular pressure, high fluctuation on phase of intraocular pressure, inflammation, vascular disease and any kind of hypoxia. Gede Pardianto (2009) reported 6 cases of RNFL thickness change after the procedures of phacoemulsification. [18]

  3. Scanning laser polarimetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_laser_polarimetry

    The GDx nerve fiber analyzers measure the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness with a scanning laser polarimeter based on the birefringent properties of the RNFL. Measurement is obtained from a band 1.75 disc diameters concentric to the disc. It projects a polarized beam of a light into the eye.

  4. List of optometric abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optometric...

    Visual acuity with Near chart without correctors Visual acuity with eye chart at Near 15.7 inches (400 mm) and without (sc: Latin sine correctore) correctors (spectacles); Ncc is with (cc: Latin cum correctore) correctors. See Visual_acuity#Legal_definitions: VA OS Left visual acuity VA OD Right visual acuity VDU Visual display unit VF Visual field

  5. Signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms_of...

    Main symptoms of multiple sclerosis Symptoms and findings in multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis can cause a variety of symptoms varying significantly in severity and progression among individuals: changes in sensation (hypoesthesia), muscle weakness, abnormal muscle spasms, or difficulty moving; difficulties with coordination and balance; problems in speech or swallowing (), visual ...

  6. List of reference ranges for cerebrospinal fluid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reference_ranges...

    Reference ranges for ions and metals in CSF [1]; Substance Lower limit Upper limit Unit Corresponds to % of that in plasma [clarification needed]; Osmolality: 280 [1]: 300 [1]: mmol/L ...

  7. Corneal pachymetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_pachymetry

    Corneal pachymetry is the process of measuring the thickness of the cornea.A pachymeter is a medical device used to measure the thickness of the eye's cornea.It is used to perform corneal pachymetry prior to refractive surgery, for Keratoconus screening, LRI surgery [1] and is useful in screening for patients suspected of developing glaucoma among other uses.

  8. Reference ranges for blood tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood...

    A reference range is usually defined as the set of values 95 percent of the normal population falls within (that is, 95% prediction interval). [2] It is determined by collecting data from vast numbers of laboratory tests.

  9. Orders of magnitude (length) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)

    Width range of human hair [25] 10 −4: 100 μm: 340 μm Size of a pixel on a 17-inch monitor with a resolution of 1024×768 560 μm Thickness of the central area of a human cornea [26] 750 μm Maximum diameter of Thiomargarita namibiensis, the second largest bacterium ever discovered 10 −3: 1 millimeter ~5 mm