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Sambucus nigra is a species complex of flowering plants in the family Viburnaceae native to most of Europe. [1] Common names include elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, and European black elderberry. [2] [3] It grows in a variety of conditions including both wet and dry fertile soils, primarily in sunny locations.
Elders are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including brown-tail, buff ermine, dot moth, emperor moth, engrailed moth, swallow-tailed moth and the V-pug. The crushed foliage and immature fruit have a strong fetid smell. Valley elderberry longhorn beetles in California are very often found around red or blue ...
Sambucus cerulea is a large, deciduous shrub, which can grow to be 9 metres (30 feet) in height and 6 m (20 ft) in width. It normally grows rather wildly from several stems, which can be heavily pruned (or even cut to the ground) during winter dormancy.
Growing American elderberry plants, also called American elder, is easy to do in most parts of the country. Native to North America, this large flowering and fruitful shrub attracts bees ...
Sambucus racemosa is often a treelike shrub growing 2–6 m (7–20 ft) tall. The stems are soft with a pithy center. Each individual leaf is composed of 5 to 7 leaflike leaflets, each of which is up to 16 cm (6 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long, lance-shaped to narrowly oval, and irregularly serrated along the edges. The leaflets have a strong disagreeable ...
Traditional methods of consuming elderberry includes jams, jellies, and syrups, all of which cook down the fruit and strain out the seeds. Unpublished research may show that S. canadensis (American elderberry) has lower cyanide levels than apple juice, and that its fruit does not contain enough beta-glucosidase (which convert glucosides into ...
Sambucus australasica is a shrub or small tree that typically grows to a height of 4 m (13 ft) and has glabrous stems, leaves and flowers. The leaves are pinnate, 60–250 mm (2.4–9.8 in) long on a petiole 20–100 mm (0.79–3.94 in) long, with three or five leaflets, each narrow elliptic to lance-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 20–100 mm (0.79–3.94 in) long and 4–30 mm ...
Sambucus javanica, the Chinese elder, is a species of elderberry in the family Viburnaceae native to subtropical and tropical Asia. It is native to Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China (except in the north), India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia (in Sabah), the Philippines, southern Thailand, and Vietnam.