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The trihydroxybenzenes (or benzenetriols) are organic compounds with the formula C 6 H 3 (OH) 3. Also classified as polyphenols, they feature three hydroxyl groups substituted onto a benzene ring. They are white solids with modest solubility in water.
All three isomers have the chemical formula C 6 H 6 O 2. Similar to other phenols, the hydroxyl groups on the aromatic ring of a benzenediol are weakly acidic . Each benzenediol can lose an H + from one of the hydroxyls to form a type of phenolate ion.
Many important chemical compounds are derived from benzene by replacing one or more of its hydrogen atoms with another functional group. Examples of simple benzene derivatives are phenol, toluene, and aniline, abbreviated PhOH, PhMe, and PhNH 2, respectively. Linking benzene rings gives biphenyl, C 6 H 5 –C 6 H 5.
Catechol (/ ˈ k æ t ɪ tʃ ɒ l / or / ˈ k æ t ɪ k ɒ l /), also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 4 (OH) 2. It is the ortho isomer of the three isomeric benzenediols .
Usually, a "phenyl group" is synonymous with C 6 H 5 − and is represented by the symbol Ph (archaically, Φ), or Ø. Benzene is sometimes denoted as PhH. Phenyl groups are generally attached to other atoms or groups. For example, triphenylmethane (Ph 3 CH) has three phenyl groups attached to the same carbon center. Many or even most phenyl ...
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
Another large class of organic heterocycles refers to those fused to benzene rings. For example, the fused benzene derivatives of pyridine, thiophene, pyrrole, and furan are quinoline, benzothiophene, indole, and benzofuran, respectively. The fusion of two benzene rings gives rise to a third large family of organic compounds.
Pyrogallol is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 3 (OH) 3. It is a water-soluble, white solid although samples are typically brownish because of its sensitivity toward oxygen. [3] It is one of three isomers of benzenetriols.