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Level instrumentation determines the height of liquids by measuring the position of a gas/liquid or liquid/liquid interface within the vessel or tank. Such interfaces include oil/gas, oil/water, condensate/water, glycol/condensate, etc. Local indication (LI) includes sight glasses which show the liquid level directly through a vertical glass ...
Current volume of a product stored in a tank can be calculated using a tank capacity table (sometimes called "tank calibration table") and current levels and temperatures of a product in a tank. Tank capacity table stores data about level and appropriate volume in a tank and have a very high impact on overall accuracy of volume calculation.
All unrefined crude oil has some water entrained within it. During transportation by ship, separation occurs naturally and water collects at the base of the tank below the oil, this is known as free water (FW). [4] Sales contracts for crude oil will typically specify the BS&W and FW to ensure the cargo meets quality standards.
A Lease Automatic Custody Transfer unit or LACT unit measures the net volume and quality of liquid hydrocarbons.A LACT unit measures volumes in the range of 100 to 7,000 barrels (16 to 1,100 m 3) of oil per day.(*LACTs can transfer/measure more than 7000 bbls/day) This system provides for the automatic measurement, sampling, and transfer of oil from the lease location into a pipeline.
In the United States, the 42 US-gallon size as a unit of measure is largely confined to the oil industry, while different sizes of barrel are used in other industries. Nearly all other countries use the metric system. Thus, the 42 US-gallon oil barrel is a unit of measure rather than a physical container used to transport crude oil.
The dead, stabilized crude flows to tanks for storage or to a pipeline for transport to customers such as an oil refinery. [3] [4] [7] The stabilization tower may typically operate at approximately 50 to 200 psig (345 – 1378 kPa). [5] Where the crude oil contains high levels of hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) a sour
Assume that the flows of separated oil from two production units go to a common storage tank. The tank is used as a cache so that the owners of the oil can get their load according to an entitlement plan. Allocation is first calculated using estimated production from each well, based on well testing.
There are however standards in place for fiscal automatic sampling of crude oil namely API 8.2 and ISO 3171. [1] Water cut meters are typically used in the petroleum industry to measure the water cut of oil flowing from a well, produced oil from a separator, crude oil transfer in pipelines and in loading tankers. There are several technologies ...
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