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Traditional culturing techniques, for example, require less than 24 hours culture time for Escherichia coli but 6–8 weeks for successful culturing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis before definitive results are expressed. [5] A benefit of non-culture tests is that physicians and microbiologists are not handicapped by waiting periods.
A bioassay is a biochemical test to estimate the potency of a sample compound. Usually this potency can only be measured relative to a standard compound. [3] [1] A typical bioassay involves a stimulus (ex. drugs) applied to a subject (ex. animals, tissues, plants).
For example, this study used data describing concentrations of Salmonella in chicken feces published in 1969. [14] Methods for quantifying bacteria, changes in animal housing practices and sanitation, and many other factors may have changed the prevalence of Salmonella since that time. Also, such an approach often ignores the complicated fate ...
Agricultural microbiology is a branch of microbiology dealing with plant-associated microbes and plant and animal diseases. It also deals with the microbiology of soil fertility , such as microbial degradation of organic matter and soil nutrient transformations.
In microbiology, in vivo is often used to refer to experimentation done in a whole organism, rather than in live isolated cells, for example, cultured cells derived from biopsies. In this situation, the more specific term is ex vivo. Once cells are disrupted and individual parts are tested or analyzed, this is known as in vitro. [citation needed]
Bacteria also live in mutualistic, commensal and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. Most bacteria have not been characterised and there are many species that cannot be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.
Plant microbiology and Plant pathology: The study of the interactions between microorganisms and plants and plant pathogens. Soil microbiology: the study of those microorganisms that are found in soil. Veterinary microbiology: the study of the role of microbes in veterinary medicine or animal taxonomy.
Plants live in association with diverse microbial consortia. These microbes, referred to as the plant's microbiota, live both inside (the endosphere) and outside (the episphere) of plant tissues, and play important roles in the ecology and physiology of plants. [5] "The core plant microbiome is thought to comprise keystone microbial taxa that ...