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The previous 3-rotor Enigma model had been modified with the old reflector replaced by a thin rotor and a new thin reflector. Breaking Shark on 3-rotor bombes would have taken 50 to 100 times as long as an average Air Force or Army message. It seemed, therefore, that effective, fast, 4-rotor bombes were the only way forward.
Two Enigma rotors showing electrical contacts, stepping ratchet (on the left) and notch (on the right-hand rotor opposite D) Each rotor contains one or more notches that control rotor stepping. In the military variants, the notches are located on the alphabet ring. The Army and Air Force Enigmas were used with several rotors, initially three.
To explain the Enigma, we use this wiring diagram. To simplify the example, only four components of each are shown. In reality, there are 26 lamps, keys, plugs and wirings inside the rotors.
The scrambling action of the Enigma rotors are shown for two consecutive letters. Current is passed into the set of rotors, into and back out of the reflector, and out through the rotors again. The greyed-out lines are some other possible paths within each rotor; these are hard-wired from one side of each rotor to the other.
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A series of three rotors from an Enigma machine, used by Germany during World War II Exploded view of an Enigma machine rotor:1-Notched ring, 2-Dot marking the position of the "A" contact, 3-Alphabet "tyre" or ring, 4-Electrical plate contacts, 5-Wire connections, 6-Spring-loaded pin contacts, 7-Spring-loaded ring adjustment pin, 8-Hub, through which fits the central axle, 9-Finger wheel, 10 ...
The right side of a rotor, showing the pin electrical contacts. The Roman numeral V identifies the wiring of the rotor. Français : Une face d'un rotor de la machine Enigma, montrant les contacts à aiguille.
A reflector, in cryptology, is a component of some rotor cipher machines, such as the Enigma machine, that sends electrical impulses that have reached it from the machine's rotors, back in reverse order through those rotors. The reflector simplified using the same machine setup for encryption and decryption, but it creates a weakness in the ...