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Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol, sold under the brand name Combivent among others, is a combination medication used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic ) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β 2 -adrenergic agonist ).
Ipratropium is a derivative of atropine [3] but is a quaternary amine and therefore does not cross the blood–brain barrier, which prevents central side effects. Ipratropium should never be used in place of salbutamol (albuterol) as a rescue medication.
An anti-asthmatic agent, also known as an anti-asthma drug, refers to a drug that can aid in airway smooth muscle dilation to allow normal breathing during an asthma attack or reduce inflammation on the airway to decrease airway resistance for asthmatic patients, or both.
Salbutamol or albuterol and some other β 2 agonists, such as formoterol, also are sold in a solution form for nebulization, which is more commonly used than inhalers in emergency rooms. [9] Nebulizers continuously deliver aerosolized drug and salbutamol delivered through nebulizer was found to be more effective than IV administration.
Some examples of anticholinergics are tiotropium (Spiriva) and ipratropium bromide. [citation needed] Tiotropium is a long-acting, 24-hour, anticholinergic bronchodilator used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Only available as an inhalant, ipratropium bromide is used in the treatment of asthma and COPD.
Salbutamol, also known as albuterol and sold under the brand name Ventolin among others, [1] is a medication that opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs. [8] It is a short-acting β 2 adrenergic receptor agonist that causes relaxation of airway smooth muscle . [ 8 ]
Albuterol (Salbutamol) Has N-t-butyl and a salicyl alcohol phenyl ring which gives it optimal β2-selectivity. [14] Salbutamol is a short-acting β2-agonist, but has a rapid onset of action. [18] Its onset by inhalation is within 5 minutes. The hydroxyl group on the β-carbon is a mixture of S- and R-isomers, where the R-isomer is the active one.
Cromolyn Nedocromil. Mast cell stabilizers are medications used to prevent or treat certain allergic disorders. They block mast cell degranulation, stabilizing the cell and thereby preventing the release of histamine and related mediators.
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