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(Beta) Limit dextrin is the remaining polymer produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of amylopectin with beta amylase, which cannot hydrolyse the alpha-1,6 bonds at branch points. (Alpha) Limit dextrin is a short chained branched amylopectin remnant, produced by hydrolysis of amylopectin with alpha amylase.
α-Cyclodextrin (alpha-cyclodextrin), sometimes abbreviated as α-CD, is a hexasaccharide derived from glucose. It is related to the β- (beta) and γ- (gamma) cyclodextrins, which contain seven and eight glucose units, respectively. All cyclodextrins are white, water-soluble solids with minimal toxicity.
Its substrate, alpha-limit dextrin, is a product of amylopectin digestion that retains its 1-6 linkage (its alpha 1-4 linkages having already been broken down by amylase). The product of the enzymatic digestion of alpha-limit dextrin by isomaltase is maltose. Isomaltase helps amylase to digest alpha-limit dextrin to produce maltose.
Wacker Chemie AG uses dedicated enzymes, that can produce alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrin specifically. This is very valuable especially for the food industry, as only alpha- and gamma-cyclodextrin can be consumed without a daily intake limit. Crystal structure of a rotaxane with an α-cyclodextrin macrocycle. [13]
Limit dextrinase (EC 3.2.1.142, R-enzyme, amylopectin-1,6-glucosidase, dextrin alpha-1,6-glucanohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name dextrin 6-alpha-glucanohydrolase. [1] [2] This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limits dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, in amylopectin and pullulan.
α-Amylase is an enzyme (EC 3.2.1.1; systematic name 4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase) that hydrolyses α bonds of large, α-linked polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen, yielding shorter chains thereof, dextrins, and maltose, through the following biochemical process: [2]
β-Cyclodextrin sometimes abbreviated as β-CD, is a heptasaccharide derived from glucose.The α- (alpha), β- (beta), and γ- (gamma) cyclodextrins correspond to six, seven, and eight glucose units, respectively. β-Cyclodextrin is the most used natural cyclodextrin in marketed medicines. [2]
Amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.33, amylo-1,6-glucosidase, dextrin 6-α-D-glucosidase, amylopectin 1,6-glucosidase, dextrin-1,6-glucosidase, glycogen phosphorylase-limit dextrin α-1,6-glucohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name glycogen phosphorylase-limit dextrin 6-α-glucohydrolase.