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Relief, in sculpture, any work in which the figures project from a supporting background, usually a plane surface. Reliefs are classified according to the height of the figures’ projection or detachment from the background. Learn more about reliefs and their history in this article.
Relief sculpture is a type of artwork where figures or designs are carved or molded onto a flat surface, creating the illusion of depth and dimensionality. Unlike sculptures in the round, which can be viewed from all angles, relief sculptures are typically designed to be viewed from a single vantage point.
The sculpture is recognized as an example of high relief sculpture and is larger than a football field, measuring around three acres in length and 400 feet off the ground. A few famous examples of relief in architecture can be seen in the Florence Baptistery in Italy, and the temple Borobudur in Central Java, Indonesia.
This popular Relief art list features pictures of each famous Relief piece when available, and includes names of the famous artists who created the artwork. Fans of historic Relief art can use this list to discover some beautiful Relief pieces that they've never seen before.
Some of the finest examples of relief sculpture—the Parthenon frieze for the Athenian Akropolis (449–432 B.C.) or Lorenzo Ghiberti’s Gates of Paradise (1426–52) for the Baptistery of Florence—were executed in conjunction with architectural programs.
Notable examples of relief sculptures are in Attic tombs (4th century BCE), as well as the friezes in classical temples like the Parthenon. Relief sculpture was also produced during the Hellenistic period (323 BCE – 32 BCE), with the Altar of Zeus being one example.
There are three basic types of relief sculpture: (1) low relief (basso-relievo, or bas-relief), where the sculpture projects only slightly from the background surface; (2) high relief (alto-relievo, or alto-relief), where the sculpture projects at least half or more of its natural circumference from the background, and may in parts be wholly ...
Relief sculpture is a complex art form that combines many features of the two-dimensional pictorial arts and the three-dimensional sculptural arts. On the one hand, a relief, like a picture, is dependent on a supporting surface, and its composition must be extended in a plane in order to be visible.
There are three basic forms of relief sculpture: bas-relief (low-relief), in which the sculpture is raised only slightly from the background surface; alto-relievo (high-relief), in which part of the sculpture is rendered in three dimensions; and intaglio (sunken-relief), in which the image is carved into the surface material.
A “relief” sculpture is a sculpture where the foreground elements are attached to and made of the same material as the background. “Relief” comes from the latin root “relevo”, which means “to raise”, as the sculpted elements of the artwork are “raised” up from the background.