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The technique has been used by Native Americans and in Africa, the Middle East and South America. Guatemalan examples use beads of size 22/0 and smaller. [1] This is an off-loom technique perfected by Native Americans. It is a relative of another off-loom technique called peyote stitch or gourd stitch. [2]
Example of Native American peyote stitch from Oklahoma. The peyote stitch, also known as the gourd stitch, is an off-loom bead weaving technique. Peyote stitch may be worked with either an even or an odd number of beads per row. Both even and odd count peyote pieces can be woven as flat strips, in a flat round shape, or as a tube.
Greeves employs a variety of beadwork techniques in her art. She first learned to use the lane stitch technique to attach beads onto hide, a technique she learned from her aunt. The lane stitch technique is derived from quill-work, especially in the way the beads lie, the designs built up from many rows of stitch, as well as the importance of ...
Native American beadwork, already established via the use of materials like shells, dendrite, claws, and bone, evolved to incorporate glass beads as Europeans brought them to the Americas beginning in the early 17th century. [20] [21] Native beadwork today heavily utilizes small glass beads, but artists also continue to use traditionally ...
Native beadwork continued to advance in the pre-Columbian era. Beads were made from hand-ground and filed turquoise, coral, and shell. Carved wood, animal bones, claws, and teeth were made into beads, which were then sewn onto clothing, or strung into necklaces. [6] [7] Turquoise is one of the dominant materials of Southwestern Native American ...
Native Americans used multiple techniques and still continue the tradition today. Peyote stitch was taught to Native Americans by Europeans. Loom beading was the last technique to be invented. Within the Americas, bead embroidery was first used by the Native Americans of the Great Lakes region.
Chilkat weaving and Ravenstail weaving are regarded as some of the most difficult weaving techniques in the world. A single Chilkat blanket can take an entire year to weave. In both techniques, dog, mountain goat, or sheep wool and shredded cedar bark are combined to create textiles featuring curvilinear formline designs.
In the past, Western art historians have considered use of Western art media or exhibiting in international art arena as criteria for "modern" Native American art history. [47] Native American art history is a new and highly contested academic discipline, and these Eurocentric benchmarks are followed less and less today.