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If a package declaration is not used, classes are placed in an unnamed package. Classes in an unnamed package cannot be imported by classes in any other package. [3] The official Java Tutorial advises against this: Generally speaking, an unnamed package is only for small or temporary applications or when you are just beginning the development ...
This example applies to procedural PHP before namespaces (introduced in version 5.3.0). It is recommended that each member of a module is given a prefix related to the filename or module name in order to avoid identifier collisions.
With Java 5.0, additional wrapper classes were introduced in the java.util.concurrent.atomic package. These classes are mutable and cannot be used as a replacement for the regular wrapper classes. Instead, they provide atomic operations for addition, increment and assignment. The atomic wrapper classes and their corresponding types are:
The java.io package contains classes that support input and output. The classes in the package are primarily stream-oriented; however, a class for random access files is also provided. The central classes in the package are InputStream and OutputStream, which are abstract base classes for reading from and writing to byte streams, respectively
Packages are a part of a class name and they are used to group and/or distinguish named entities from other ones. Another purpose of packages is to govern code access together with access modifiers. For example, java.io.InputStream is a fully qualified class name for the class InputStream which is located in the package java.io.
This PHP example shows interface implementations instead of subclassing (however, the same can be achieved through subclassing). The factory method can also be defined as publicand called directly by the client code (in contrast to the previous Java example).
bootstrap classes: the classes that are fundamental to the Java Platform (comprising the public classes of the Java Class Library, and the private classes that are necessary for this library to be functional). extension classes: packages that are in the extension directory of the Java Runtime Environment or JDK, jre/lib/ext/
The Java Class Library (JCL) is a set of dynamically loadable libraries that Java Virtual Machine (JVM) languages can call at run time. Because the Java Platform is not dependent on a specific operating system , applications cannot rely on any of the platform-native libraries.