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The pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica extends from the establishment of the first settlers until the arrival of Christopher Columbus to the Americas. Archaeological evidence allows us to date the arrival of the first humans to Costa Rica to between 7000 and 10,000 BC. By the second millennium BC sedentary farming communities already existed.
The Pedregal rock art site is located in the most northwest corner of Costa Rica only 20 km away from the Nicaraguan border. Its ground monuments belong to the Cordillera de Guanacaste mountain range, situated in the correspondent province of Guanacaste.
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The oldest evidence of human occupation in Costa Rica is associated with the arrival of groups of hunter-gatherers about 10,000 to 19,000 years BC, with ancient archaeological evidence (stone tool making) located in the Turrialba Valley, at sites called Guardiria and Florence, with matching quarry and workshop areas with presence of type clovis spearheads and South American inspired arrows.
The National Archives of Costa Rica (Spanish: Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica) is a decentralized institution of the Ministry of Culture and Youth. It is the governing body of the National Archival System, which manages Costa Rica's documentary heritage and collaborates in the control of the country's notarial activities. Its goals are to ...
Las Mercedes (L-289-LM) is a complex archaeological site located on the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica between the foothills of Turrialba Volcano and the alluvial plain. The site contains a variety of architectural features including platforms, plazas, retaining walls or terraces, funerary areas, ramps, and paved roads.
Michael Jay Snarskis (April 12, 1945 – January 24, 2011) was an American archeologist who founded the scientific study of archaeology in Costa Rica.At that time, almost all artifacts available to collectors were shorn of their provenance and historical significance by huaquero looters, whom Snarskis described as "the tomb-robbers ... who have [made] such studies more difficult."
Archaeology of the Diquís Delta, Costa Rica. Cambridge: Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 51. ISBN 0-00-000000-0. Stone, Doris (1943). "Preliminary investigation of the flood plain of the Río Grande de Térraba, Costa Rica". American Antiquity. 9 (1): 74– 88. doi:10.2307/275453. JSTOR 275453. S2CID 163632144.