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Socioeconomic status has long been related to health, those higher in the social hierarchy typically enjoy better health than those below. [23] Socioeconomic status is an important source of health inequity, as there is a very robust positive correlation between socioeconomic status and health. This correlation suggests that it is not only the ...
Differences in health status, health outcomes, life expectancy, and many other indicators of health in different racial and ethnic groups are well documented. [27] Epidemiological data indicate that racial groups are unequally affected by diseases, in terms or morbidity and mortality. [ 28 ]
In 1995, Jo C. Phelan and Bruce G. Link developed the theory of fundamental causes.This theory seeks to outline why the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health disparities has persisted over time, [1] particularly when diseases and conditions previously thought to cause morbidity and mortality among low SES individuals have resolved. [2]
Socioeconomic inequality is often cited as the fundamental cause for differential health outcomes among men and women. [12] [13] [14] [5] In India, differences in socioeconomic status and resulting financial disempowerment for women explain the poorer health and lower healthcare utilization noted among older women compared to men. [5]
Variations in health outcomes in the United States are attributed to several social characteristics, such as gender, race, socioeconomic status, the environment, and educational attainment. Inequalities in any or all of these social categories can contribute to health disparities, with some groups placed at an increased risk for acquiring ...
These inequities may include differences in the "presence of disease, health outcomes, or access to health care" [8]: 3 between populations with a different race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or socioeconomic status. [9] [10] Health inequity differs from health inequality in that the latter term is used in a number of ...
The two principal models that attempt to explain this relationship are the social causation theory, which posits that socioeconomic inequality causes stress that gives rise to mental illness, and the downward drift approach, which assumes that people predisposed to mental illness are reduced in socioeconomic status as a result of the illness ...
Research has been conducted into examining mental health treatments and interventions that consider these social determinants of mental health and the roles they play in mental health outcomes. For example, nutritional psychiatry is an emerging area of study which aims to improve mental health of individuals through diet and food: Adan et al ...