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Numerical simulations suggest that deep convection on Jupiter is primarily triggered by water condensation occurring at pressure levels ranging from approximately 5 bar to 500 mbar. At the upper altitudes of these convective plumes, where the pressure is a few hundred millibars, condensates such as NH3, H2S, and water are likely to form.
Relative to Earth ^ Sidereal ^ Retrograde ^ The inclination of the body's equator from its orbit. ^ At pressure of 1 bar ^ At sea level ^ The ratio between the mass of the object and those in its immediate neighborhood. Used to distinguish between a planet and a dwarf planet.
Jupiter has been visited by automated spacecraft since 1973, when the space probe Pioneer 10 passed close enough to Jupiter to send back revelations about its properties and phenomena. [ 168 ] [ 169 ] Missions to Jupiter are accomplished at a cost in energy, which is described by the net change in velocity of the spacecraft, or delta-v .
In astrophysics, gravitational compression is a phenomenon in which gravity, acting on the mass of an object, compresses it, reducing its size and increasing the object's density. In the core of a star such as the Sun, gravitational pressure is balanced by the outward thermal pressure from fusion reactions, temporarily halting gravitational ...
As the spacecraft traverses the space near Jupiter, the planet, and even variations in the planets interior, cause a variation in Juno velocity. [6] The gravity science experiment measures these velocity changes using a combination of hardware on Earth and the spacecraft, which allows the effect of gravity to be measured, and thereby mass ...
To get to Jupiter, the Clipper will first fly past Mars on March 1, using the red planet's gravity to boost its speed and bend the trajectory to send the probe back toward Earth for another ...
For gas giant planets such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, the surface gravity is given at the 1 bar pressure level in the atmosphere. [12] It has been found that for giant planets with masses in the range up to 100 times Earth's mass, their gravity surface is nevertheless very similar and close to 1 g, a region named the gravity ...
The polar atmospheric pressure is only 2% of the equatorial atmospheric pressure. At about ±40° latitude, the atmospheric pressure will be half of that at the equator. The atmospheric density increases the closer Io gets to the Sun. [7] Farther away from the surface, higher the concentration of O and S 2 [clarification needed] gets. This is ...