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Medical history (the patient tells the doctor about an injury). For shoulder problems the medical history includes the patient's age, dominant hand, if injury affects normal work/activities as well as details on the actual shoulder problem including acute versus chronic and the presence of shoulder catching, instability, locking, pain, paresthesias (burning sensation), stiffness, swelling, and ...
A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. [1] Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising. [1] There may be a decreased ability to move the arm and the person may present holding their elbow. [2] Complications may include injury to an artery or nerve, and compartment syndrome. [2]
Biceps tenotomy consists of a simple release of the long head of the biceps without reattachment to the humerus, allowing the tendon to retract into the soft tissues of the proximal upper arm. [16] Treatment of a biceps tear depends on the severity of the injury. The muscle will usually heal over time with no corrective surgery.
The range of motion at the shoulder may be limited by pain. A painful arc of movement may be present during forward elevation of the arm from 60° to 120°. [4] Passive movement at the shoulder will appear painful when a downward force is applied at the acromion but the pain will ease once the force is removed. [2]
Localized pain on the anterior shoulder suggests subacromial impingement, whereas posterior shoulder pain suggests internal impingement. [45] For the diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tear, the best combination appears to include once more the painful arc and weakness in external rotation, and in addition, the drop arm sign . [ 42 ]
Treatment involves pain medication and immobilization at first; later, physical therapy is used. [1] Ice over the affected area may increase comfort. [6] Movement exercises are begun within at least a week of the injury; with these, fractures with little or no displacement heal without problems. [6]
Subacromial bursitis is a condition caused by inflammation of the bursa that separates the superior surface of the supraspinatus tendon (one of the four tendons of the rotator cuff) from the overlying coraco-acromial ligament, acromion, and coracoid (the acromial arch) and from the deep surface of the deltoid muscle. [1]
A brachial plexus injury (BPI), also known as brachial plexus lesion, is an injury to the brachial plexus, the network of nerves that conducts signals from the spinal cord to the shoulder, arm and hand. These nerves originate in the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical (C5–C8), and first thoracic (T1) spinal nerves, and innervate the ...