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  2. Failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_Mode,_Effects,_and...

    Failure mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) is an extension of failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA). FMEA is a bottom-up , inductive analytical method which may be performed at either the functional or piece-part level.

  3. Failure mode and effects analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects...

    graph with an example of steps in a failure mode and effects analysis. Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA; often written with "failure modes" in plural) is the process of reviewing as many components, assemblies, and subsystems as possible to identify potential failure modes in a system and their causes and effects.

  4. Free-rider problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-rider_problem

    In economics, the free-rider problem is a type of market failure that occurs when those who benefit from resources, public goods and common pool resources [a] do not pay for them [1] or under-pay. Free riders may overuse common pool resources by not paying for them, neither directly through fees or tolls, nor indirectly through taxes.

  5. Survival analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival_analysis

    This example of a survival tree analysis uses the R package "rpart". [8] The example is based on 146 stage C prostate cancer patients in the data set stagec in rpart. Rpart and the stagec example are described in Atkinson and Therneau (1997), [9] which is also distributed as a vignette of the rpart package. [8] The variables in stages are:

  6. Coordination failure (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordination_failure...

    In economics, coordination failure is a concept that can explain recessions through the failure of firms and other price setters to coordinate. [1] In an economic system with multiple equilibria, coordination failure occurs when a group of firms could achieve a more desirable equilibrium but fail to because they do not coordinate their decision making. [2]

  7. Focal point (game theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_point_(game_theory)

    The existence of the focal point is first demonstrated by Schelling with a series of questions. Here is one example: to determine the time and place to meet a stranger in New York City, but without being able to communicate in person beforehand. In this coordination game, any place and time in the city could be an equilibrium solution.

  8. Cascade effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade_effect

    fault tree. A cascade effect is an inevitable and sometimes unforeseen chain of events due to an act affecting a system. [1] If there is a possibility that the cascade effect will have a negative impact on the system, it is possible to analyze the effects with a consequence / impact analysis.

  9. Failure cause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_cause

    A part failure mode is the way in which a component failed "functionally" on the component level. Often a part has only a few failure modes. For example, a relay may fail to open or close contacts on demand. The failure mechanism that caused this can be of many different kinds, and often multiple factors play a role at the same time.