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Closed captioning (CC) is a form of subtitling, a process of displaying text on a television, video screen, or other visual display to provide additional or ...
The "CC in a TV" symbol Jack Foley created, while senior graphic designer at Boston public broadcaster WGBH that invented captioning for television, is public domain so that anyone who captions TV programs can use it. Closed captioning is the American term for closed subtitles specifically intended for people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing.
The National Captioning Institute was incorporated on January 30, 1979, with millions of dollars of start-up funding from the federal government. [1] [2] [10] On March 23, 1979, the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare announced plans for closed-captioning of twenty hours per week of television shows. [11]
CTA-708 (formerly EIA-708 and CEA-708) is the standard for closed captioning for ATSC digital television (DTV) streams in the United States and Canada.It was developed by the Consumer Electronics sector of the Electronic Industries Alliance, which later became the standalone organization Consumer Technology Association.
Captioning is mandated by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as an auxiliary aid or service. [3] CART is a viable option to use in conjunction with or instead of a sign language interpreter, however, the decision made about which medium should be used should be based on the needs of the individuals who require the service. [ 4 ]
VITAC was incorporated in March 1986 in Pittsburgh as American Data Captioning, Inc. It sold services under the name CaptionAmerica, and in 1993 changed its name to VITAC, an acronym for “VITal ACcess,” which refers to all services that make mass media accessible. VITAC has been continuously providing closed captioning services since 1986.
Open captioning has been little-used due to the fear that it was too intrusive and noticeable to hearing viewers. However, no studies have been conducted to elicit hearing people's opinions on how they will adapt to reading captions on screen. Rear Window captioning is a form of closed captioning because the viewer must choose to view the captions.
Closed captioning, used to provide the text of a show's audio portion to those who may have trouble hearing it; Subtitles, textual versions of the dialog in film and other visual media; Intertitle, a piece text edited into a film to convey information like dialogue <caption></caption>, an HTML element; see HTML element § caption