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The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) is a medium-sized grouse occurring in forests from the Appalachian Mountains across Canada to Alaska. It is the most widely distributed game bird in North America. [ 2 ]
The traditional grouse (excluding turkeys) range in length from 31 to 95 cm (12 to 37 + 1 ⁄ 2 in), and in weight from 0.3 to 6.5 kg (3 ⁄ 4 to 14 + 1 ⁄ 4 lb). If they are included, wild turkey toms are the largest grouse species, attaining lengths of 130 cm (50 in) and weighing up to 10 kg (22 lb). [ 13 ]
In their day, Lewis and Clark were credited with the discovery of five gallinaceous birds in addition to the sage grouse—the Columbian sharp-tailed grouse, the dusky grouse, Franklin's grouse, the Oregon ruffed grouse, and the mountain quail; they were the first to widely spread knowledge about these birds to European settlers. [10]
Galliformes / ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ f ɔːr m iː z / is an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that includes turkeys, chickens, quail, and other landfowl.Gallinaceous birds, as they are called, are important in their ecosystems as seed dispersers and predators, and are often reared by humans for their meat and eggs, or hunted as game birds.
The sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus), also known as the sharptail or fire grouse, is a medium-sized prairie grouse. One of three species in the genus Tympanuchus , the sharp-tailed grouse is found throughout Alaska , much of Northern and Western Canada , and parts of the Western and Midwestern United States .
The greater prairie-chicken or pinnated grouse (Tympanuchus cupido), sometimes called a boomer, [2] is a large bird in the grouse family. This North American species was once abundant, but has become extremely rare and extirpated over much of its range due to habitat loss . [ 2 ]
The sooty grouse (Dendragapus fuliginosus) is a species of forest-dwelling grouse native to North America's Pacific Coast Ranges. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is closely related to the dusky grouse ( Dendragapus obscurus ), and the two were previously considered a single species, the blue grouse .
It was known as simply the sage grouse until the Gunnison sage-grouse was recognized as a separate species in 2000. [4] The Mono Basin population of sage grouse may also be distinct. The greater sage-grouse is a permanent resident in its breeding grounds but may move short distances to lower elevations during winter.