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The rotating-wave approximation is an approximation used in atom optics and magnetic resonance. In this approximation, terms in a Hamiltonian that oscillate rapidly are neglected. This is a valid approximation when the applied electromagnetic radiation is near resonance with an atomic transition, and the intensity is low. [ 1 ]
A more physically motivated standard treatment [6] [7] covers three common types of derivations of the Lindbladian starting from a Hamiltonian acting on both the system and environment: the weak coupling limit (described in detail below), the low density approximation, and the singular coupling limit. Each of these relies on specific physical ...
Within the dipole approximation and rotating-wave approximation, the dynamics of the atomic density matrix, when interacting with laser field, is described by optical Bloch equation, whose effect can be divided into two parts: [3] optical dipole force and scattering force.
Some attempt has also been made to go beyond the so-called rotating-wave approximation that is usually employed (see the mathematical derivation below). [ 24 ] [ 25 ] [ 26 ] The coupling of a single quantum field mode with multiple ( N > 1 {\displaystyle N>1} ) two-state subsystems (equivalent to spins higher than 1/2) is known as the Dicke ...
The rotating wave approximation may also be used. Animation showing the rotating frame. The red arrow is a spin in the Bloch sphere which precesses in the laboratory frame due to a static magnetic field. In the rotating frame the spin remains still until a resonantly oscillating magnetic field drives magnetic resonance.
Rotating wave approximation [ edit ] In RWA, when the perturbation to the two level system is H a b = V a b 2 cos ( ω t ) {\displaystyle H_{ab}={\frac {V_{ab}}{2}}\cos {(\omega t)}} , a linearly polarized field is considered as a superposition of two circularly polarized fields of the same amplitude rotating in opposite directions with ...
: a rotating wave approximation of the linearized Hamiltonian, where one omits all non-resonant terms, reduces the coupling Hamiltonian to a beamsplitter operator, = († + †). This approximation works best on resonance; i.e. if the detuning becomes exactly equal to the negative mechanical frequency.
where the single-ion Hamiltonians (in the rotating-wave approximation with respect to and counter-rotating terms) are given by H c a r r i e r = ( Ω R 2 e i δ R t + Ω B 2 e i δ B t ) σ − + h . c .