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1898 illustration of abacuses of many capitals in various styles. In architecture, an abacus (from the Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax), ' slab '; or French abaque, tailloir; pl.: abacuses or abaci) [1] is a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell.
(Greek: Περίστασις) A four-sided porch or hall of columns surrounding the cella in an ancient Greek peripteros temple (see also Peristyle). In ecclesial architecture, it is also used of the area between the baluster of a Catholic church and the high altar (what is usually called the sanctuary or chancel). Peristyle
Ancient Greek architecture came from the Greeks, or Hellenes, whose culture flourished on the Greek mainland, the Peloponnese, the Aegean Islands, and in colonies in Anatolia and Italy for a period from about 900 BC until the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC.
[21] [22] A play by Alexis from the 4th century BC mentions an abacus and pebbles for accounting, and both Diogenes and Polybius use the abacus as a metaphor for human behavior, stating "that men that sometimes stood for more and sometimes for less" like the pebbles on an abacus. [22] The Greek abacus was a table of wood or marble, pre-set with ...
The motif then spread to Persia, Egypt and the Hellenistic world, and as far as India, where it can be found on the abacus part of some of the Pillars of Ashoka or the Pataliputra capital. [4] Bead and reel motifs can be found abundantly in Greek and Hellenistic sculpture and on the border of Hellenistic coins.
Translation language Period covered Notes Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque: Pierre Chantraine: 1968 1980 1,436+ 78pp. supplement 4 (in a single vol. in 2009) French: Etymological Dictionary of Greek: Robert Beekes: 2009 1,808+ 64pp. introduction 7,500 2 English
A pseudoperipteros (Greek: ψευδοπερίπτερος, meaning "falsely peripteral" [1]) is a building with engaged columns embedded in the outer walls, except the front of the building. The form is found in classical architecture in ancient Greek temples, especially in the Hellenistic period.
A fleuron is a flower-shaped ornament, [1] and in architecture may have a number of meanings: . It is a collective noun for the ornamental termination at the ridge of a roof, such as a crop, finial or épi.