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In April 1975, Daoud paid a visit to Iran, and returned with a credit extension of $2 billion.The majority of the sum - $1.7 billion - was expected to be used to fund the construction of a rail system connecting Herat, Kandahar and Kabul to the Iranian rail system, which could provide access to the Persian Gulf. [1]
The U.S.-led war in Afghanistan began on 7 October 2001, as Operation Enduring Freedom. It was designed to capture or kill Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda militants, as well as replace the Taliban with a U.S.-friendly government. The Bush Doctrine stated that, as policy, it would not distinguish between al-Qaeda and nations that harbor them.
The 1975 Panjshir Valley uprising was an Islamist uprising led by Jamiat-e Islami against the government of Daoud Khan, and was the first ever ISI operation that took place in Afghanistan. [9] [3] It was in "retaliation to Republic of Afghanistan’s proxy war and support to the militants against Pakistan". [4] [10]
Out of Afghanistan: The Inside Story of the Soviet Withdrawal (1995) excerpt; Cordsman, A. H., and A. R. Wagner. The Lessons of Modern War. Vol. 3, The Afghan and Falkland Conflicts (Westview, 1991) military innovations used. Daley, Tad. "Afghanistan and Gorbachev's Global Foreign Policy" Asian Survey 29 (May 1989) DOI:10.2307/2644534; Dibb, Paul.
The war resulted in the deaths of between 1,000,000 [63] and 3,000,000 Afghans. [5] Civilian death and destruction from the war was massive and detrimental. Estimates of Afghan civilian deaths vary from 562,000 [6] to 2,000,000. [7] [8] By one estimate, at least 800,000 Afghans were killed during the Soviet occupation. [64]
1975 1991 Western Sahara War Part of the Western Sahara conflict Morocco Mauritania (1975–1979) France (1977–1978) Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Algeria (1976) 1975 2021 Insurgency in Laos. Part of the Third Indochina War Laos Vietnam: Hmong insurgents United States: 1975 1975 Indonesian invasion of East Timor Indonesia: Fretilin ...
Escalated into civil war: Urtatagai conflict (1925–1926) Afghanistan Soviet Union: Peace treaty: Afghanistan is obligated to restrain Basmachi border raids; Soviet Union captures, then cedes back Urtatagai; Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1973) First Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) Amānullāh Khān (Until 14 January 1929)
Zerok, Afghanistan HN launched an assault against the pro-Daoud governor in Paktika province. [16] Haqqani Network: July 4 Bombing: 15 77: Jerusalem: A bomb detonates in Zion Square killing 13 people and wounding 72. [17] The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs states the death toll at 14 with 80 injured. [18] PLO: Israeli–Palestinian ...