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The first residential building of slipform construction; erected in 1950 in Västertorp, Sweden, by AB Bygging Later picture of the residential building in Västertorp. Slip forming, continuous poured, continuously formed, or slipform construction is a construction method in which concrete is placed into a form that may be in continuous motion horizontally, or incrementally raised vertically.
Additionally, they are available in overlapping and non-overlapping configurations, the latter allowing the use of float pans. [2] Walk-behind power trowels are used by an operator walking behind the machine. [3] [4] A power trowel performs the tasks of several hand tools, hand trowel, hand float, darby and concrete float. [5]
A concrete float is a tool used to finish a concrete surface by making it smooth. A float is used after the surface has been made level using a screed . In addition to removing surface imperfections, floating will compact the concrete as preparation for further steps.
They spread the concrete using shovels and rakes, sometimes using a straightedge back and forth across the top of the forms to screed or level the freshly placed concrete. After levelling the concrete, they smooth the surface using either a hand trowel, a long handed bull float o r by using powered floats.
It is a non-intrusive method of surveying the sub-surface to investigate underground utilities such as concrete, asphalt, metals, pipes, cables or masonry. [1] This nondestructive method uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band ( UHF / VHF frequencies) of the radio spectrum , and detects the reflected signals from subsurface structures.
Calcite crystals form on the surface of quiescent bodies of water, even when the bulk water is not supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. The crystals grow, attach to one other and appear to be floating rafts of a white, opaque material. The floating materials have been referred to as calcite rafts or "leopard spots". [1]
A power concrete screed has a gasoline motor attached, which helps smooth and vibrate concrete as it is flattened. After the concrete is flattened it is smoothed with a concrete float or power trowel. A concrete floor is sometimes called a solid ground floor. A plasterer also may use a screed to level a wall or ceiling surface in plasterwork.
Like other concrete formwork, the forms are filled with concrete in 1-foot to 4-foot high "lifts" to manage the concrete pressure and reduce the risk of blowouts. After the concrete has cured, the forms are left in place permanently to provide a variety of benefits, depending on materials used: Thermal insulation; Soundproofing