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Country foreign exchange reserves minus external debt. In international economics, the balance of payments (also known as balance of international payments and abbreviated BOP or BoP) of a country is the difference between all money flowing into the country in a particular period of time (e.g., a quarter or a year) and the outflow of money to the rest of the world.
The current balance in 2013 as a percentage of GDP was 1.6%. Germany for 2013 was 238.61, and 2014 was 285.82 with each quarter between 2013 Q1 through 2015 Q2 ranging from a low of 54.13 in Q3 2013 to a high of 68.89 in Q1 2014. Germany's current account balance in Q2 2015 was up to 68.39. The current balance in Q2 as a percentage of GDP was 8.2%.
World map by current account balance (% of GDP), 2023, according to World Bank [1]. This is the list of countries by current account balance, expressed in current U.S. dollars and as percentage of GDP, based on the data published by World Bank, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Internal Balance looks forward to acquiring full employment with lowest possible inflation, whereas External Balance looks towards a "No surplus - No deficit" position in the economy. Any point above the internal balance line (or curve) would have inflation , and any point below it would have unemployment .
External debt measures an economy's obligations to make future payments and, therefore, is an indicator of a country's vulnerability to solvency and liquidity problems. [1]: xi–xii Another useful indicator is the net external debt position, which equals gross external debt minus external assets in the form of debt instruments.
Normal Balances refer to whether the balance for an account in a properly-formed trial balance is usually a debt or a credit. A normal balance also reflects the accounting equation. If a trial balance for an account is reversed, such an account is called a "contra-account" (e.g. accumulated depreciation as an asset or owners drawings as equity ...
External balance = the right amount of surplus or deficit in the current account. Maintaining both internal and external balances requires use of both monetary policy and fiscal policy. That is one reason why floating exchange rates may be superior to fixed exchange rates. Under fixed exchange rates, governments are not usually free to employ ...
Balancing can be carried out through internal or external efforts and means. Internal balancing involves efforts to enhance state's power by increasing one's economic resources and military strength in order to be able to rely on independent capabilities in response to a potential hegemon and be able to compete more effectively in the international system.