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Transverse crevasses, Chugach State Park, Alaska. A crevasse is a deep crack that forms in a glacier or ice sheet. Crevasses form as a result of the movement and resulting stress associated with the shear stress generated when two semi-rigid pieces above a plastic substrate have different rates of movement. The resulting intensity of the shear ...
Cross section of a cirque glacier showing the bergschrund A bergschrund—the long crack at the foot of the mountain slope—in the Ötztal Alps Open bergschrunds at Mont Dolent
Transverse crevasses in Chugach State Park, Alaska. Longitudinal crevasses form parallel to the ice flow where the glacier width is expanding. [13] Splaying crevasses appear along the edges of a glacier. Transverse crevasses form in a zone of longitudinal extension where the principal stresses are parallel to the direction of glacier flow. [13]
A serac (/ s ɛ ˈ r æ k ˌ ˈ s ɛ r æ k /) (from Swiss French sérac) is a block or column of glacial ice, often formed by intersecting crevasses on a glacier. Commonly house-sized or larger, they are dangerous to mountaineers, since they may topple with little warning. Even when stabilized by persistent cold weather, they can be an ...
When ice movement of a glacier is faster than elsewhere, because the glacier bed steepens or narrows, and the flow cannot be accommodated by plastic deformation, the ice fractures, forming crevasses. Where two fractures meet, seracs (or ice towers) can be formed. When the movement of the ice slows down, the crevasses can coalesce, resulting in ...
They can be up to 10 meters wide and are typically found on ice sheets and flat areas of a glacier in a region of transverse crevasses. Moulins can reach the bottom of the glacier, hundreds of meters deep, [3] [4] [5] or may only reach the depth of common crevasse formation (about 10–40 m) where the stream flows englacially. [6]
The English Pronouncing Dictionary (EPD) was created by the British phonetician Daniel Jones and was first published in 1917. [1] It originally comprised over 50,000 headwords listed in their spelling form, each of which was given one or more pronunciations transcribed using a set of phonemic symbols based on a standard accent.
The start of the high mountain tour at the end of the 18th century: contemporary portrait by Marquard Wocher of Horace-Bénédict de Saussure on Mont Blanc in 1787. In glaciated terrain the risk of crevasses means that even technically easy walks require the use of rope, crampons, and ice axes as well as knowledge of safety and rescue techniques.