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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis affecting humans. [4] It is a skin infection caused by a single-celled parasite that is transmitted by the bite of a phlebotomine sand fly. There are about thirty species of Leishmania that may cause cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form, which causes an open sore at each bite site, which heals in a few months to a year and a half, leaving an unpleasant-looking scar. [2] [3] Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis produces widespread skin lesions which resemble leprosy, and may not heal on their own. [3]
Leishmania / l iː ʃ ˈ m eɪ n i ə,-ˈ m æ n-/ [1] is a parasitic protozoan, a single-celled organism of the genus Leishmania that is responsible for the disease leishmaniasis. [2] [3] [4] They are spread by sandflies of the genus Phlebotomus in the Old World, and of the genus Lutzomyia in the New World.
Leishmania tropica is a flagellate parasite and the cause of anthroponotic [dubious – discuss] cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans. [2] This parasite is restricted to Afro-Eurasia and is a common cause of infection in Afghanistan , Iran , Syria , Yemen , Algeria , Morocco , and northern India .
Leishmania major is a species of parasite found in the genus Leishmania, and is associated with the disease zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (also known as Aleppo boil, Baghdad boil, Bay sore, Biskra button, Chiclero ulcer, Delhi boil, Kandahar sore, Lahore sore, Oriental sore, Pian bois, and Uta). [1]
[citation needed] However, when the host is infected, the Leishmania can cause 3 different forms of Leishmaniasis. For this species, it has been known to cause cutaneous leishmaniasis and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is commonly characterized with skin lesions, which can appear localized, or throughout the body.
Amastigote form Leishmania mexicana as found in mammalian macrophages, 219 pixels/μm. Leishmania mexicana is a species of obligate intracellular parasites of the protozoan genus Leishmania. In Mexico and Central America, this parasite is the primary cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis. [1]
Leishmaniasis: Leishmania spp. cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral: visual identification of lesion or microscopic stain with Leishman's or Giemsa's stain visceral leishmaniasis – worldwide; cutaneous leishmaniasis – Old World; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis – New World Phlebotomus, Lutzomyia – bite of several species of phlebotomine ...