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The efficiency of a thermoelectric device for electricity generation is given by , defined as =.. The maximum efficiency of a thermoelectric device is typically described in terms of its device figure of merit where the maximum device efficiency is approximately given by [7] = + ¯ + ¯ +, where is the fixed temperature at the hot junction, is the fixed temperature at the surface being cooled ...
In the aquaculture experiment, the ordered triple (25, 80, 10) represents the treatment combination having the lowest level of each factor. In a general 2×3 experiment the ordered pair (2, 1) would indicate the cell in which factor A is at level 2 and factor B at level 1. The parentheses are often dropped, as shown in the accompanying table.
The electron–hole pair is the fundamental unit of generation and recombination in inorganic semiconductors, corresponding to an electron transitioning between the valence band and the conduction band where generation of an electron is a transition from the valence band to the conduction band and recombination leads to a reverse transition.
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Each non-identity element by itself is a generator for the whole group. In mathematics and physics , the term generator or generating set may refer to any of a number of related concepts. The underlying concept in each case is that of a smaller set of objects, together with a set of operations that can be applied to it, that result in the ...
Each vertex represents an element of the free group, and each edge represents multiplication by a or b. In mathematics, the free group F S over a given set S consists of all words that can be built from members of S, considering two words to be different unless their equality follows from the group axioms (e.g. st = suu −1 t but s ≠ t −1 ...
YIG filters are often used as preselectors.YIG filters tuned by a sweep current are used in spectrum analyzers.Another YIG application is YIG oscillators, where the sphere acts as a tunable frequency-determining element.
McCullough and Wade [18] extended this approach, which produces all Pythagorean triples when k > h √ 2 /d: Write a positive integer h as pq 2 with p square-free and q positive. Set d = 2pq if p is odd, or d= pq if p is even. For all pairs (h,k) of positive integers, the triples are given by