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The stretch factor of the whole mapping is the supremum of the stretch factors of all pairs of points. The stretch factor has also been called the distortion [disputed – discuss] or dilation of the mapping. The stretch factor is important in the theory of geometric spanners, weighted graphs that approximate the Euclidean distances between a ...
with a corresponding factor graph shown on the right. Observe that the factor graph has a cycle. If we merge (,) (,) into a single factor, the resulting factor graph will be a tree. This is an important distinction, as message passing algorithms are usually exact for trees, but only approximate for graphs with cycles.
A factor graph is an undirected bipartite graph connecting variables and factors. Each factor represents a function over the variables it is connected to. This is a helpful representation for understanding and implementing belief propagation. A clique tree or junction tree is a tree of cliques, used in the junction tree algorithm.
A k-factor of a graph is a spanning k-regular subgraph, and a k-factorization partitions the edges of the graph into disjoint k-factors. A graph G is said to be k-factorable if it admits a k-factorization. In particular, a 1-factor is a perfect matching, and a 1-factorization of a k-regular graph is a proper edge coloring with k colors. A 2 ...
Horizontal shear of a square into parallelograms with factors and =. In the plane =, a horizontal shear (or shear parallel to the x-axis) is a function that takes a generic point with coordinates (,) to the point (+,); where m is a fixed parameter, called the shear factor.
In classical mechanics, the stretch rule (sometimes referred to as Routh's rule) states that the moment of inertia of a rigid object is unchanged when the object is stretched parallel to an axis of rotation that is a principal axis, provided that the distribution of mass remains unchanged except in the direction parallel to the axis. [1]
A graph is said to be k-factor-critical if every subset of n − k vertices has a perfect matching. Under this definition, a hypomatchable graph is 1-factor-critical. [13] Even more generally, a graph is (a,b)-factor-critical if every subset of n − k vertices has an r-factor, that is, it is the vertex set of an r-regular subgraph of the given ...
In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f D, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.