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  2. Accommodation reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_reflex

    Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.

  3. Accommodation (vertebrate eye) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_(vertebrate_eye)

    Accommodation usually acts like a reflex, including part of the accommodation-convergence reflex, but it can also be consciously controlled. The main ways animals may change focus are: Changing the shape of the lens. Changing the position of the lens relative to the retina. Changing the axial length of the eyeball. Changing the shape of the cornea.

  4. Accommodative convergence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodative_convergence

    Accommodative convergence is that portion of the range of inward rotation of both eyes (i.e., convergence) that occurs in response to an increase in optical power for focusing by the crystalline lens (i.e., accommodation). [1] When the human eye engages the accommodation system to focus on a near object, signal is automatically sent to the ...

  5. List of optometric abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optometric...

    Accommodative convergence / Accommodation ratio the portion of the range of convergence that occurs in response to accommodation: Acc: Accommodation: process of changing optical power to maintain focus as distance changes Ad: Advised: Add: Addition AIT: After-image transfer ALT: Alternating ALT ET/SOT: Alternating esotropia: ALT XT/XOT ...

  6. Vergence-accommodation conflict - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vergence-accommodation...

    Incorrect vergence response can cause double vision. Accommodation is the eye’s focusing mechanism and it is engaged to produce a sharp image on a retina. Both of these mechanisms are neurally linked forming the accommodation-convergence reflex [1] of eyes.

  7. Vergence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vergence

    Exaggerated convergence is called cross eyed viewing (focusing on the nose, for example). When looking into the distance, the eyes diverge until parallel, effectively fixating on the same point at infinity (or very far away). Vergence movements are closely connected to accommodation of the eye.

  8. Spasm of accommodation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spasm_of_accommodation

    A spasm of accommodation (also known as a ciliary spasm, an accommodation, or accommodative spasm) is a condition in which the ciliary muscle of the eye remains in a constant state of contraction. Normal accommodation allows the eye to "accommodate" for near-vision. However, in a state of perpetual contraction, the ciliary muscle cannot relax ...

  9. Depth perception - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_perception

    The convergence will stretch the extraocular muscles – the receptors for this are muscle spindles. As happens with the monocular accommodation cue, kinesthetic sensations from these extraocular muscles also help in distance and depth perception. The angle of convergence is smaller when the eye is fixating on objects which are far away.