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  2. Theta pinch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theta_pinch

    Theta-pinch, or θ-pinch, is a type of fusion power reactor design. The name refers to the configuration of currents used to confine the plasma fuel in the reactor, arranged to run around a cylinder in the direction normally denoted as theta in polar coordinate diagrams.

  3. Pinch (plasma physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinch_(plasma_physics)

    Screw pinch – A combination of a Z-pinch and theta pinch [15] (also called a stabilized Z-pinch, or θ-Z pinch) [16] [17] Reversed field pinch or toroidal pinch – This is a Z-pinch arranged in the shape of a torus. The plasma has an internal magnetic field. As distance increases from the center of this ring, the magnetic field reverses ...

  4. Z-pinch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-pinch

    These systems were originally referred to simply as pinch or Bennett pinch (after Willard Harrison Bennett), but the introduction of the θ-pinch (theta pinch) concept led to the need for clearer, more precise terminology. The name refers to the direction of the current in the devices, the Z-axis on a Cartesian three-dimensional graph. Any ...

  5. Perhapsatron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perhapsatron

    The Lorentz force created by a lightning strike crushed this hollow lightning rod and led to the discovery of the pinch technique. An alternate approach was the "pinch" concept, developed in the United Kingdom. [3] Unlike the magnetic bottle approaches, in a pinch device, the required magnetic field was created by the plasma itself. Since the ...

  6. Field-reversed configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field-reversed_configuration

    The FRC was first observed in laboratories in the late 1950s during theta pinch experiments with a reversed background magnetic field. [3] The original idea was attributed to the Greek scientist and engineer Nicholas C. Christofilos who developed the concept of E-layers for the Astron fusion reactor.

  7. Star Thrust Experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Thrust_Experiment

    The STX was motivated by a discovery from an unrelated experiment; a few years previously, the Large-S Experiment (LSX) had demonstrated the existence of a kinetically stabilized parameter regime which appeared advantageous for a fusion reactor. However, the LSX experiment formed FRCs in a power-hungry, violent way called a theta-pinch.

  8. Safety factor (plasma physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_factor_(plasma_physics)

    The concept was first developed by Martin David Kruskal and Vitaly Shafranov, who noticed that the plasma in pinch effect reactors would be stable if q was larger than 1. Macroscopically, this implies that the wavelength of the potential instability is longer than the reactor. This condition is known as the Kruskal–Shafranov limit.

  9. Weinberg angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weinberg_angle

    Weinberg angle θ W, and relation between couplings g, g ′, and e = g sin θ W.Adapted from Lee (1981). [1] The pattern of weak isospin, T 3, and weak hypercharge, Y W, of the known elementary particles, showing electric charge, Q, [a] along the Weinberg angle.