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  2. Codeforces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codeforces

    Codeforces (Russian: Коудфорсес) is a website that hosts competitive programming contests. [1] It is maintained by a group of competitive programmers from ITMO University led by Mikhail Mirzayanov. [2] Since 2013, Codeforces claims to surpass Topcoder in terms of active contestants. [3] As of 2019, it has over 600,000 registered users ...

  3. Branch and bound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branch_and_bound

    B will denote the best solution found so far, and will be used as an upper bound on candidate solutions. Initialize a queue to hold a partial solution with none of the variables of the problem assigned. Loop until the queue is empty: Take a node N off the queue. If N represents a single candidate solution x and f(x) < B, then x is the best ...

  4. Two Generals' Problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Generals'_Problem

    The Two Generals' Problem appears often as an introduction to the more general Byzantine Generals problem in introductory classes about computer networking (particularly with regard to the Transmission Control Protocol, where it shows that TCP cannot guarantee state consistency between endpoints and why this is the case), though it applies to ...

  5. International Olympiad in Informatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Olympiad_in...

    The scores from the two competition days and all problems are summed up separately for each contestant. Medals are awarded depending on their relative total score. The top 50% of the contestants are awarded medals, such that the relative number of gold : silver : bronze : no medal is approximately 1:2:3:6 (thus 1/12 of the contestants get a ...

  6. Flood fill - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_fill

    Recursive flood fill with 4 directions. Flood fill, also called seed fill, is a flooding algorithm that determines and alters the area connected to a given node in a multi-dimensional array with some matching attribute.

  7. Boyer–Moore majority vote algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyer–Moore_majority_vote...

    The amount of memory that the algorithm needs is the space for one element and one counter. In the random access model of computing usually used for the analysis of algorithms, each of these values can be stored in a machine word and the total space needed is O(1).

  8. Multi-objective optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-objective_optimization

    Multi-objective optimization or Pareto optimization (also known as multi-objective programming, vector optimization, multicriteria optimization, or multiattribute optimization) is an area of multiple-criteria decision making that is concerned with mathematical optimization problems involving more than one objective function to be optimized simultaneously.

  9. Mouse button - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_button

    A mouse button is an electric switch on a computer mouse which can be pressed (“clicked”) to select or interact with an element of a graphical user interface. Mouse buttons are most commonly implemented as miniature snap-action switches (micro switches). The three-button scrollmouse has become the most commonly available design.