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Python uses the following syntax to express list comprehensions over finite lists: S = [ 2 * x for x in range ( 100 ) if x ** 2 > 3 ] A generator expression may be used in Python versions >= 2.4 which gives lazy evaluation over its input, and can be used with generators to iterate over 'infinite' input such as the count generator function which ...
Here, the list [0..] represents , x^2>3 represents the predicate, and 2*x represents the output expression.. List comprehensions give results in a defined order (unlike the members of sets); and list comprehensions may generate the members of a list in order, rather than produce the entirety of the list thus allowing, for example, the previous Haskell definition of the members of an infinite list.
Iterators in Python are a fundamental part of the language and in many cases go unseen as they are implicitly used in the for statement, in list comprehensions, and in generator expressions. All of Python's standard built-in collection types support iteration, as well as many classes that are part of the standard library. The following example ...
Folds can be regarded as consistently replacing the structural components of a data structure with functions and values. Lists, for example, are built up in many functional languages from two primitives: any list is either an empty list, commonly called nil ([]), or is constructed by prefixing an element in front of another list, creating what is called a cons node ( Cons(X1,Cons(X2,Cons ...
In Raku, a sister language to Perl, for must be used to traverse elements of a list (foreach is not allowed). The expression which denotes the collection to loop over is evaluated in list-context, but not flattened by default, and each item of the resulting list is, in turn, aliased to the loop variable(s). List literal example:
Some languages define a special character as a terminator while some, called line-oriented, rely on the newline. Typically, a line-oriented language includes a line continuation feature whereas other languages have no need for line continuation since newline is treated like other whitespace. Some line-oriented languages provide a separator for ...
GDScript, a scripting language very similar to Python, built-in to the Godot game engine. [238] Go is designed for the "speed of working in a dynamic language like Python" [239] and shares the same syntax for slicing arrays. Groovy was motivated by the desire to bring the Python design philosophy to Java. [240]
Declarative programming – describes what computation should perform, without specifying detailed state changes c.f. imperative programming (functional and logic programming are major subgroups of declarative programming) Distributed programming – have support for multiple autonomous computers that communicate via computer networks